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Published on: Jul 29, 2021
2 minute read
By: Raj Dwivedi

What Tests Are Used To Manage Anemia And What Do They Mean?

The doctors use a number of tests to diagnose anemia. Hb (hemoglobin) is one of the key indicators used in diagnosis. A hemoglobin test is a blood test that measures how much hemoglobin you have in your red blood cells. A hemoglobin test is generally used for detecting:

In addition, a hemoglobin test can also be carried out to assess bone marrow's response to treatment, evaluate possible blood donation and check the levels of red blood cells in the body. There are certain conditions that may interfere with the results of the hemoglobin test. In such cases, it is recommended to get the test done again.

For the hemoglobin test, a sample of your blood is taken and tested in a clinical laboratory [read more about the process here]. The results are expressed as grams of hemoglobin per deciliter (g/dL) or micrograms per liter (mcg/L). Normal range for this test is 12g/dL - 18g/dL (12.1-18.0 g/L) for adults and 9g/dL - 13g/dL (9.0-13.3 g/L) for children. If the test result comes out to be less than 7 gm, it can indicate a serious condition known as severe anemia. In some cases, the doctors may order follow-up tests to assess the current condition of the patient.

Apart from the hemoglobin test, certain other blood tests can be used for detecting low RBCs (RBC count) or abnormal types of RBC (red cell indices) or hemoglobin (Hb). These include complete blood count tests, reticulocyte tests, iron tests, and red blood cell indices.

In some cases, the doctor may opt to do a bone marrow aspiration and exam to check for any abnormalities in the bone marrow cells. In such cases, it of red blood cells is karyotype to rule out chromosomal disorders.

The most common reason for having an inadequate number of red blood cells in the body is an iron deficiency or anemia. Iron plays a significant role in the production of hemoglobin, which is responsible for carrying oxygen from the lungs to the tissues of other parts of the body. Hence, people suffering from iron are known as sickle cell trait. The tests include:

Complete blood count test - The complete blood cell count (CBC) is a routine test that checks the different components of your blood like number of red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets. It also has information about the size and hemoglobin content in each of these cells. A CBC includes tests for the following:

Reticulocyte test - This is a blood test that measures the reticulocytes (immature red blood cells) in the bloodstream. A high level of reticulocytes can indicate increased production of red blood cells by the bone marrow to compensate for anemia, or destruction of very early stage RBCs which are still unable to mature.

Iron tests - Iron is an essential component for RBC production. A test to assess the iron level in your blood is called a serum ferritin test, which measures the amount of iron stored in the body's cells and tissues. Another way to evaluate low iron levels is by carrying out a transferrin saturation test. In this case, the lab technician will extract serum from your blood sample and measure the amount of transferrin protein present in it. Transferrin is a protein that carries iron to the bone marrow where red blood cells are produced. Thus, if there is an insufficient amount of transferrin protein present in the serum, it shows that there is an inadequate level of stored iron.

Hemoglobin tests - A hemoglobin test is generally carried out to detect anemia, especially if the result of CBC tests are inconclusive. During this test, a small sample of blood is collected from your vein and sent to the laboratory for analysis. The test measures the amount of hemoglobin in your red blood cells.

Red cell indices - Red cell indices are tests that measure the size and hemoglobin content of the red blood cells. The values obtained from these tests can be used to detect anemia and other blood disorders.

Karyotype test - It is a lab test used to evaluate chromosomal abnormalities in red blood cells or bone marrow cells

Low blood cell counts also have other causes, such as infections or tumors. In some cases, low blood cells may indicate a more serious condition like bone marrow failure which requires immediate medical intervention to save the patient from death.

Thus, if you are suffering from any of these conditions and symptoms and suspect that you may be anemic, check with your doctor for the necessary tests to confirm or rule out your suspicions. Early detection and treatment of anemia can save you from serious complications like heart attacks, strokes, blood clots, etc.

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Clothing Drives for Secondhand Donation: Serving Society Sustainably

Clothing is a basic human need, yet millions of people across India lack access to adequate apparel, especially during extreme weather conditions. At the same time, urban households discard large volumes of wearable clothing each year. Clothing drives for secondhand donation bridge this gap by connecting surplus with need in a dignified, sustainable manner.

These initiatives are not merely charitable activities. They represent a structured approach to social responsibility, environmental stewardship and community wellbeing.

The Growing Need for Clothing Donation in India

India faces significant socio-economic disparity.

According to government and NGO data:

millions live below the poverty line
seasonal weather exposes vulnerable populations to health risks
access to basic clothing remains inconsistent

Clothing insecurity directly affects dignity, health and social participation.

Environmental Impact of Textile Waste

The fashion and textile industry is among the largest contributors to environmental pollution.

Textile waste leads to:

landfill accumulation
water pollution from dyes
increased carbon footprint

Reusing clothing through donation significantly reduces environmental strain.

Why Secondhand Clothing Matters

Secondhand clothing extends the lifecycle of garments.

Benefits include:

reduced demand for new production
conservation of water and energy
lower environmental emissions

According to sustainability studies, reuse has a far lower environmental cost than recycling or disposal.

Social Impact of Clothing Drives

Clothing donation drives provide:

protection from heat, cold and rain
improved hygiene and comfort
enhanced dignity and self-esteem

For recipients, clean, appropriate clothing supports physical health and social inclusion.

Role of Clothing Drives in Community Wellbeing

Community-based donation drives:

encourage collective responsibility
foster empathy and awareness
strengthen social bonds

When organised locally, they ensure relevance and timely distribution.

Corporate and Institutional Participation

Many organisations integrate clothing drives into CSR initiatives.

Benefits for organisations include:

measurable social impact
employee engagement
alignment with sustainability goals

EY-FICCI CSR reports highlight employee-driven social initiatives as highly effective engagement tools.

How to Organise an Effective Clothing Drive

Successful drives follow structured processes.

Key steps include:

clear communication on donation guidelines
segregation by size, gender and season
quality checks for usability
hygienic packing and storage

Organisation ensures dignity for recipients.

Importance of Quality and Dignity

Donations should always respect the recipient.

Essential guidelines:

clothes must be clean and wearable
damaged or unusable items should be excluded
culturally appropriate clothing should be prioritised

Dignified donation builds trust and respect.

Seasonal Relevance of Clothing Drives

Seasonal drives maximise impact.

Examples include:

winter clothing drives
monsoon protection apparel
school clothing collections

Timing ensures practical usefulness.

Health and Wellbeing Benefits

Adequate clothing reduces:

exposure-related illnesses
skin infections
respiratory conditions during cold weather

WHO recognises appropriate clothing as a basic determinant of health.

Sustainability and Circular Economy

Clothing drives support a circular economy by:

keeping materials in use longer
reducing waste generation
encouraging responsible consumption

They align with global sustainability goals.

Community Partnerships and NGOs

Collaborating with NGOs ensures:

efficient distribution
identification of genuine needs
transparency and accountability

Partnerships amplify reach and impact.

Measuring the Impact of Clothing Drives

Impact can be assessed through:

number of beneficiaries
quantity of clothing reused
environmental waste reduction
community feedback

Data-driven evaluation improves future initiatives.

Challenges and How to Address Them

Common challenges include:

poor-quality donations
storage and logistics issues
uneven distribution

Clear guidelines and partnerships help overcome these barriers.

Long-Term Value of Sustainable Donation Drives

Regular clothing drives:

normalise responsible disposal habits
build sustainable communities
encourage conscious consumption

They move society from waste to welfare.

Integrating Clothing Drives with Broader Wellness Initiatives

Clothing drives complement:

health camps
nutrition programs
community wellness initiatives

Holistic approaches improve overall social wellbeing.

Conclusion

Clothing drives for secondhand donation represent a powerful intersection of compassion and sustainability. By redirecting wearable clothing to those who need it most, these initiatives protect dignity, improve health outcomes and reduce environmental impact. In a society striving for sustainable development, organised clothing donation drives serve as practical, high-impact actions that benefit communities and the planet alike. When individuals and organisations come together to serve responsibly, small acts of reuse create lasting social change.

References

World Health Organization (WHO) – Social Determinants of Health Reports
Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) – Environmental and Community Health Studies
NITI Aayog – Sustainability and Social Impact Frameworks
EY-FICCI – Corporate Social Responsibility and Sustainability Reports
Statista – Textile Waste and Sustainability Data
UN Environment Programme – Sustainable Consumption and Circular Economy

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