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Published on: Apr 04, 2020
3 minute read
By: Dr Rajan Choudhary

Developing A Vaccine For COVID-19? Part 1

It is often stated vaccination has made the greatest contribution to global health of any human discovery, other than clean water and sanitation, and their impact on everyday life is immediately evident. We have managed to completely eradicate two major infections from existence (smallpox and rinderpest) , and the WHO are working towards adding polio to that list.

In these cases the numbers speak for themselves. It is estimated that the eradication of smallpox in 1980 has saved 5 million lives per year, adding up to 150 to 200 million by 2018. Common vaccination programmes for polio, measles, mumps, rubella, rabies and hepatitis A have prevented nearly 200 million cases from occurring in the US alone over the past 50 years, and 4.5 billion instances of the diseases worldwide.

We have achieved a 99% immunisation rate against polio, preventing children from suffering crippling paralysis, and only 3 countries remain. Sadly, around 1.4 million children under 5 still die from preventable diseases each year as they do not have access to these life saving vaccines, but charities and public health organisations around the world are working hard to improve access.

So what are vaccines? And how will they help is in the face of the latest pandemic? Here we will go into the challenges behind making vaccines, and why a vaccine against COVID-19 is unlikely to be ready in the next few months, or even this year.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4024226/ contribution of vaccination

https://www.who.int/features/factfiles/polio/en/ polio eradication

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/03/170303163208.htm study article

WHAT IS A VACCINE

The human body’s immune system is incredibly smart. It is able to distinguish between infective organisms, such as bacteria, viruses and parasites, from our own body’s cells, target these invaders for destruction and keep our bodies healthy. Even better, the body remembers any previous infections it has had before, recognise these previous infections even quicker and even eradicate the disease before we know we are infected.

Vaccines target the immune system’s memory by presenting them with pieces of these infective diseases. The small amounts do not cause any infective symptoms, but if the person is infected later in life their body will mount a quicker response and prevent them from falling ill. These vaccines can contain broken up parts of the organisms, “dead” organisms or “live” versions that have been severely weakened so they cannot cause any harm.

In summary, medicines treat us when we get an infection. Vaccines make sure we never suffer from an infection in the first place.

https://www.chop.edu/centers-programs/vaccine-education-center/making-vaccines/how-are-vaccines-made Making Vaccines

THE HURDLES WE FACE IN RESEARCH

Making a vaccine is a difficult process, one that can take 3–5 years and cost hundreds of millions of dollars, sometimes billions of dollars. This is because there are many difficult steps to be taken in the process of creating a vaccine that is effective, but more importantly one that is safe.

To start with the troubling organism has to be identified. For COVID-19 it took a few weeks to recognise the virus responsible, and some time more to understand its genetic code and grow the virus in lab conditions. We then have to understand the virus, how it infects, how it causes symptoms, and how it has mutated compared to the coronaviruses responsible for SARS and MERS.

After this, we have to isolate parts of the virus our immune system will recognise. This is usually the outside coat of the virus. The DNA responsible for making these parts need to be found in the virus’ genetic code, and put inside other “skeleton” viruses. This will force the dummy virus to look like coronavirus, without the ability to infect and kill someone.

These dummy viruses can be injected into animals to see if it causes an immune reaction, whether the immune system recognises it as the coronavirus responsible for COVID-19, and whether it will protect the animal from the real COVID-19. Up to now the research has likely cost a few million dollars. The next step is when the price inflates up to billions.

If the vaccine appears safe in animals, it can be tested in humans. This can be dangerous at first, since we don’t know whether a vaccine that works in an animal will work in a human. And we don’t know if there will be any side effects to the vaccine. Human testing has to be very thorough, very careful, and safe for use. If you give too much of the virus it might make the person sick, too little and it wont immunise the person. These clinical trials can take years, and if the vaccine fails at this point its back to the drawing board, to try another step.

https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2014/10/how-to-make-an-ebola-vaccine-5-simplified-steps/454443/ ebola vaccine

Now we have a basic understanding of what vaccines are and why it takes so long to make a vaccine. In the next part we will look at why viral vaccines can cause even more problems, and how far we have come with the COVID-19 vaccine,

Dr Rajan Choudhary, London UK

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KEYWORD: Employee Wall of Fame – Celebrate uniqueness

In today’s competitive and fast-paced work environment, employee recognition plays a vital role in building a positive and productive workplace culture. While salary and benefits are important, appreciation and acknowledgment often have a deeper and longer-lasting impact on motivation.

An Employee Wall of Fame is a powerful yet simple initiative that celebrates individual contributions, highlights achievements and reinforces a culture of appreciation.

What Is an Employee Wall of Fame?

An Employee Wall of Fame is a recognition platform — physical or digital — that showcases employees who have demonstrated exceptional performance, creativity, teamwork or leadership.

It may include:

Employee photographs
Achievement descriptions
Monthly or quarterly awards
Customer appreciation highlights
Team milestones

This visible recognition fosters pride and belonging.

Why Celebrating Uniqueness Matters

Every employee brings distinct skills, experiences and perspectives to the organization. Recognizing uniqueness:

Encourages diversity
Builds confidence
Promotes innovation
Strengthens team cohesion

Appreciation creates an inclusive culture where everyone feels valued.

Benefits of an Employee Wall of Fame

1. Boosts Employee Morale

Public recognition reinforces positive behavior and motivates others to perform better.

Employees feel acknowledged for their hard work.

2. Enhances Productivity

When employees know their efforts are recognized, they are more likely to:

Stay engaged
Take initiative
Maintain consistent performance

Motivation translates into measurable productivity gains.

3. Strengthens Workplace Culture

Recognition fosters:

Respect
Team spirit
Healthy competition

A positive environment encourages long-term retention.

4. Encourages Continuous Improvement

Highlighting achievements sets performance benchmarks.

Employees strive to improve skills and meet high standards.

5. Improves Employee Retention

Feeling valued reduces turnover.

Recognition strengthens emotional connection with the organization.

Types of Employee Wall of Fame Models

Physical Recognition Board

Placed in office reception or common area.

Ideal for on-site teams.

Digital Wall of Fame

Hosted on company intranet or website.

Suitable for remote or hybrid teams.

Themed Recognition

Examples include:

Innovator of the Month
Team Player Award
Customer Champion
Wellness Ambassador

This allows diverse achievements to be celebrated.

How to Implement an Effective Wall of Fame

Define Clear Criteria

Establish transparent guidelines for selection.

Encourage Peer Nominations

Allow employees to nominate colleagues.

This increases participation and fairness.

Rotate Recognition Regularly

Monthly or quarterly updates maintain enthusiasm.

Share Stories

Include short narratives describing contributions.

Stories inspire others and personalize achievements.

Combine with Rewards

Certificates, small gifts or appreciation emails enhance impact.

Employee Recognition in the Indian Workplace

With evolving workplace dynamics in India, organizations are focusing more on employee engagement and cultural development.

Recognition programs like Employee Wall of Fame help companies build stronger employer branding and create motivating environments.

Such initiatives are particularly effective in fast-growing sectors such as healthcare, IT and startups.

Addressing Common Challenges

Avoid Bias

Use structured evaluation criteria.

Maintain Consistency

Ensure regular updates to sustain credibility.

Encourage Inclusivity

Recognize diverse roles, not just top performers.

Long-Term Impact on Organizations

Organizations that celebrate employee uniqueness often experience:

Higher engagement levels
Better teamwork
Increased innovation
Stronger organizational loyalty

Recognition transforms workplace dynamics positively.

Integrating Wall of Fame with Wellness Culture

Companies can align recognition with health and wellbeing initiatives, such as:

Fitness achievements
Community volunteering
Mental health advocacy

Celebrating holistic contributions promotes balanced development.

Conclusion

An Employee Wall of Fame is more than a decorative display — it is a strategic recognition tool that celebrates uniqueness and strengthens workplace culture.

By acknowledging achievements openly and consistently, organizations foster motivation, engagement and loyalty.

In an era where talent retention and employee satisfaction are critical, simple appreciation initiatives can create lasting impact.

Celebrating individuality is not just good for morale — it is essential for building resilient and high-performing teams.

Recognition inspires excellence, and excellence drives success.

References

World Health Organization – Healthy Workplace Framework
Harvard Business Review – Employee Recognition Research
Indian Journal of Occupational Health – Workplace Engagement Studies
Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM) – Recognition Reports
NITI Aayog – Workplace Wellness Strategies

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