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Published on: Apr 04, 2020
3 minute read
By: Dr Rajan Choudhary

Developing A Vaccine For COVID-19? Part 1

It is often stated vaccination has made the greatest contribution to global health of any human discovery, other than clean water and sanitation, and their impact on everyday life is immediately evident. We have managed to completely eradicate two major infections from existence (smallpox and rinderpest) , and the WHO are working towards adding polio to that list.

In these cases the numbers speak for themselves. It is estimated that the eradication of smallpox in 1980 has saved 5 million lives per year, adding up to 150 to 200 million by 2018. Common vaccination programmes for polio, measles, mumps, rubella, rabies and hepatitis A have prevented nearly 200 million cases from occurring in the US alone over the past 50 years, and 4.5 billion instances of the diseases worldwide.

We have achieved a 99% immunisation rate against polio, preventing children from suffering crippling paralysis, and only 3 countries remain. Sadly, around 1.4 million children under 5 still die from preventable diseases each year as they do not have access to these life saving vaccines, but charities and public health organisations around the world are working hard to improve access.

So what are vaccines? And how will they help is in the face of the latest pandemic? Here we will go into the challenges behind making vaccines, and why a vaccine against COVID-19 is unlikely to be ready in the next few months, or even this year.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4024226/ contribution of vaccination

https://www.who.int/features/factfiles/polio/en/ polio eradication

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/03/170303163208.htm study article

WHAT IS A VACCINE

The human body’s immune system is incredibly smart. It is able to distinguish between infective organisms, such as bacteria, viruses and parasites, from our own body’s cells, target these invaders for destruction and keep our bodies healthy. Even better, the body remembers any previous infections it has had before, recognise these previous infections even quicker and even eradicate the disease before we know we are infected.

Vaccines target the immune system’s memory by presenting them with pieces of these infective diseases. The small amounts do not cause any infective symptoms, but if the person is infected later in life their body will mount a quicker response and prevent them from falling ill. These vaccines can contain broken up parts of the organisms, “dead” organisms or “live” versions that have been severely weakened so they cannot cause any harm.

In summary, medicines treat us when we get an infection. Vaccines make sure we never suffer from an infection in the first place.

https://www.chop.edu/centers-programs/vaccine-education-center/making-vaccines/how-are-vaccines-made Making Vaccines

THE HURDLES WE FACE IN RESEARCH

Making a vaccine is a difficult process, one that can take 3–5 years and cost hundreds of millions of dollars, sometimes billions of dollars. This is because there are many difficult steps to be taken in the process of creating a vaccine that is effective, but more importantly one that is safe.

To start with the troubling organism has to be identified. For COVID-19 it took a few weeks to recognise the virus responsible, and some time more to understand its genetic code and grow the virus in lab conditions. We then have to understand the virus, how it infects, how it causes symptoms, and how it has mutated compared to the coronaviruses responsible for SARS and MERS.

After this, we have to isolate parts of the virus our immune system will recognise. This is usually the outside coat of the virus. The DNA responsible for making these parts need to be found in the virus’ genetic code, and put inside other “skeleton” viruses. This will force the dummy virus to look like coronavirus, without the ability to infect and kill someone.

These dummy viruses can be injected into animals to see if it causes an immune reaction, whether the immune system recognises it as the coronavirus responsible for COVID-19, and whether it will protect the animal from the real COVID-19. Up to now the research has likely cost a few million dollars. The next step is when the price inflates up to billions.

If the vaccine appears safe in animals, it can be tested in humans. This can be dangerous at first, since we don’t know whether a vaccine that works in an animal will work in a human. And we don’t know if there will be any side effects to the vaccine. Human testing has to be very thorough, very careful, and safe for use. If you give too much of the virus it might make the person sick, too little and it wont immunise the person. These clinical trials can take years, and if the vaccine fails at this point its back to the drawing board, to try another step.

https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2014/10/how-to-make-an-ebola-vaccine-5-simplified-steps/454443/ ebola vaccine

Now we have a basic understanding of what vaccines are and why it takes so long to make a vaccine. In the next part we will look at why viral vaccines can cause even more problems, and how far we have come with the COVID-19 vaccine,

Dr Rajan Choudhary, London UK

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How Weekly Onsite Yoga Benefits Corporate Wellness: A Preventive Approach to Workplace Health

Corporate wellness programs are evolving rapidly. Traditional initiatives such as annual health checkups and gym memberships are no longer sufficient to address modern workplace health challenges. Rising stress levels, sedentary routines and burnout have pushed organisations to adopt preventive, sustainable wellness strategies. One of the most effective among these is weekly onsite yoga.

Understanding how onsite yoga weekly benefits corporate wellness highlights why this ancient practice has become a modern workplace necessity. Yoga addresses both physical and mental health, making it uniquely suited for today’s high-pressure corporate environments.

Why Corporate Wellness Needs Preventive Solutions

According to the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) and workplace health reports, lifestyle-related disorders such as hypertension, diabetes, obesity and mental health conditions are increasingly affecting working professionals.

Key workplace health challenges include:

prolonged sitting
poor posture
chronic stress
sleep disturbances
reduced physical activity

Preventive interventions are essential to reverse these trends before they result in chronic disease and productivity loss.

What Is Weekly Onsite Yoga?

Weekly onsite yoga involves structured yoga sessions conducted at the workplace by trained instructors. These sessions typically include:

stretching and mobility exercises
breathing techniques
simple yoga postures
relaxation and mindfulness practices

Sessions are designed to be inclusive, requiring no prior yoga experience.

Why Weekly Frequency Matters

Consistency is the foundation of wellness.

Weekly yoga sessions:

reinforce healthy habits
prevent accumulation of stress
support gradual physical improvement
encourage long-term participation

Unlike one-time workshops, weekly programs deliver sustained impact.

Physical Health Benefits of Onsite Yoga

Reduces Musculoskeletal Problems

Desk-based work often leads to back pain, neck stiffness and joint discomfort. Yoga improves:

posture
flexibility
muscle strength

This reduces work-related musculoskeletal disorders.

Improves Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health

Regular yoga practice supports:

blood pressure regulation
improved circulation
better glucose control

WHO recognises yoga and similar mind-body practices as beneficial for lifestyle disease prevention.

Enhances Energy Levels

Yoga improves oxygenation and circulation, reducing fatigue and mid-day energy crashes.

Mental Health Benefits in the Workplace

Reduces Stress and Burnout

Yoga lowers cortisol levels and activates the parasympathetic nervous system, promoting relaxation.

This helps employees:

manage deadlines calmly
recover from mental fatigue
reduce anxiety

Improves Focus and Cognitive Performance

Breathing and mindfulness practices improve:

attention span
mental clarity
decision-making

Better focus directly translates into improved productivity.

Supports Emotional Wellbeing

Regular yoga enhances emotional regulation, reducing irritability and improving workplace relationships.

Impact on Productivity and Performance

Healthy employees perform better.

Weekly onsite yoga contributes to:

reduced absenteeism
fewer stress-related sick days
improved work engagement
sustained productivity

EY-FICCI corporate wellness studies show that preventive wellness programs deliver measurable performance benefits.

Role in Building a Wellness-Oriented Culture

Onsite yoga sends a strong message that employee wellbeing is a priority.

It helps organisations:

foster trust and engagement
encourage work-life balance
create a supportive environment

Wellness culture improves retention and employer branding.

Inclusivity and Accessibility

One of yoga’s biggest strengths is adaptability.

Onsite yoga:

suits all age groups
accommodates different fitness levels
requires minimal equipment
can be modified for health conditions

This inclusivity ensures broad participation.

Cost-Effectiveness and ROI

Compared to advanced medical interventions, onsite yoga is:

low-cost
scalable
preventive rather than reactive

By reducing long-term healthcare costs, yoga delivers high return on investment for employers.

Yoga as Part of Preventive Healthcare

Preventive healthcare focuses on reducing risk factors before disease develops.

Weekly onsite yoga supports prevention by:

lowering stress-related disease risk
improving metabolic health
encouraging active lifestyles
supporting mental resilience

NITI Aayog recognises workplace wellness as a key lever for national health improvement.

Integration with Corporate Wellness Programs

Onsite yoga works best when integrated with:

preventive health checkups
stress management initiatives
nutrition education
digital health tracking

Integrated programs deliver stronger outcomes than isolated activities.

Overcoming Common Barriers

Some organisations hesitate due to:

time constraints
perceived lack of interest
space concerns

However, short, well-structured sessions (30–45 minutes) overcome these challenges effectively.

Long-Term Impact on Organisations

Organisations that adopt weekly onsite yoga observe:

healthier workforce
reduced burnout
improved morale
better long-term healthcare outcomes

Lancet workplace health studies show that consistent mind-body interventions yield benefits within 6–12 months.

Conclusion

Understanding how onsite yoga weekly benefits corporate wellness reveals why it is more than a fitness activity—it is a preventive health strategy. By addressing physical strain, mental stress and lifestyle risks, weekly onsite yoga supports healthier employees, stronger productivity and sustainable wellness culture. In today’s demanding corporate environment, investing in regular yoga sessions is an investment in long-term organisational resilience and success.

References

ICMR – Workplace Health and Lifestyle Disease Reports
National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5) – Adult Health and Stress Indicators
NITI Aayog – Preventive Healthcare and Workplace Wellness Strategy
WHO – Physical Activity, Yoga and Mental Health Guideline
Lancet – Mind-Body Interventions and Workplace Health Outcomes
EY-FICCI – Corporate Wellness and Productivity Report
Statista – Corporate Wellness Program Trends India

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