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Published on: Apr 04, 2020
1 minute read
By: Dr Vibhash Mishra

Corona Virus (COVID-19) Being Responsible

The world is in a state of panic with fear of Corona and perhaps rightly so. Official, semi-official and unofficial guidances are pouring in from all possible sources. Social media has been promoting the use of masks only for sufferers of Corona infection and those who are having symptoms of cough and fever. Some experts have gone to the extent of suggesting that the use of mask for members of the general public may even be harmful. It may promote a sense of complacency among people, a false sense of safety leading to negligence of other precautions. Masks may be so ill-fitting that the user has to touch it frequently to adjust it, which may lead to transmission of infection. The virus is supposed to be transmitted by droplets coughed out by the sufferers. The purpose of the mask used by these people is to stop passing on the droplets to others. While this notion seems to make sense, it may not be entirely true and the use of masks by people at large may still have some protective value. There may be people who are infected and not aware of it. Avoiding relatively close contact with such people at public places may not be easy in populous countries which are not locked down completely yet. Use of mask in that situation may provide some protection at least. After all the infected droplets need to be inhaled to cause further infection and a mask over the mouth and nostrils will prevent the inhalation to some extent. It seems, therefore, that discouraging people from using masks may be an irresponsible act. What should be emphasized instead is that using a mask is not the end of your responsibility towards protecting yourself and others. Other precautions are equally important. Following are a few examples:
1. If you have cough and/or fever, confine yourself indoors and avoid coming in contact with people, specially children, elderly and those with chronic illnesses.
2. Wash your hands well with soap and water frequently and certainly after touching anyone or anything.
3. Avoid touching your face and eyes unnecessarily.
4. Do not cough in the open or on your hands. Use a tissue or your sleeve instead. Bin the tissue immediately.
5. Avoid unnecessary travels.
6. Avoid public gatherings.
7. If you suspect you may be infected with Corona, do not use antibiotics, they will not be effective.
8. When interacting with strangers or those with cough/fever, stand at least three steps away.

Dr Vibhash Mishra, London, UK, Chief Medical Officer, Second Medic

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Heat Exhaustion Warning Signs: Symptoms You Should Never Ignore

Heat-related illnesses are common during hot weather, particularly in tropical countries like India where summer temperatures can become extreme. Heat exhaustion is a serious condition that occurs when the body overheats due to prolonged exposure to high temperatures and inadequate hydration.

Recognizing heat exhaustion warning signs early can prevent life-threatening complications such as heatstroke.

What Is Heat Exhaustion?

Heat exhaustion is a heat-related illness caused by:

Excessive heat exposure
Dehydration
Loss of electrolytes through sweating

It often occurs during outdoor work, exercise or travel in hot environments.

If untreated, it may progress to heatstroke — a medical emergency.

Common Heat Exhaustion Warning Signs

1. Heavy Sweating

Excessive sweating is one of the earliest signs.

The body attempts to cool itself through perspiration, leading to fluid loss.

2. Dizziness or Lightheadedness

Low blood pressure due to dehydration may cause:

Feeling faint
Blurred vision
Weakness

3. Fatigue and Weakness

Muscle weakness and exhaustion occur as the body struggles to regulate temperature.

4. Nausea and Vomiting

Digestive discomfort is common in heat-related illnesses.

5. Headache

Dehydration and heat stress can trigger throbbing headaches.

6. Muscle Cramps

Electrolyte imbalance may cause painful muscle cramps, especially in legs.

7. Rapid Heartbeat

Increased heart rate helps circulate blood for cooling but may indicate strain.

8. Cool, Clammy Skin

Despite hot weather, skin may feel cool and moist due to heavy sweating.

Who Is at Higher Risk?

Certain groups are more vulnerable:

Outdoor laborers
Athletes
Elderly individuals
Children
People with chronic illnesses
Individuals on certain medications

Urban heat exposure increases risk during peak summer months in India.

Heat Exhaustion vs Heatstroke

Heat exhaustion is serious but manageable if treated promptly.

Heatstroke symptoms include:

High body temperature (above 40°C)
Confusion or disorientation
Dry, hot skin
Seizures
Loss of consciousness

Heatstroke requires immediate emergency medical attention.

Immediate Steps to Take

If heat exhaustion is suspected:

Move to a cool, shaded area
Loosen tight clothing
Drink water or oral rehydration solution
Apply cool cloths to body
Rest until symptoms improve

Seek medical care if symptoms persist beyond one hour.

Prevention Tips

Stay Hydrated

Drink water regularly, even if not thirsty.

Avoid Peak Sun Hours

Limit outdoor activity between 12 PM and 4 PM.

Wear Light Clothing

Choose loose, breathable fabrics.

Use Sun Protection

Wear hats and sunglasses when outdoors.

Take Frequent Breaks

Rest in shaded or air-conditioned areas.

Maintain Electrolyte Balance

Use oral rehydration solutions if sweating heavily.

Heat Illness in the Indian Context

India frequently experiences heatwaves, especially in northern and central regions. Public awareness about hydration and heat safety is essential to reduce hospitalizations and fatalities.

Community-level education can significantly improve prevention.

When to Seek Medical Help

Immediate medical attention is required if:

Symptoms worsen
Body temperature rises significantly
Confusion develops
Fainting occurs
Vomiting persists

Early treatment prevents severe complications.

Conclusion

Heat exhaustion is a preventable but potentially dangerous condition. Recognizing warning signs such as heavy sweating, dizziness, nausea and muscle cramps allows timely intervention.

With rising summer temperatures, especially in India, proactive hydration and heat safety measures are essential. Preventive care and awareness can protect vulnerable individuals and reduce health risks.

Staying cool and hydrated is the simplest way to safeguard your health during hot weather.

References

Indian Meteorological Department – Heatwave Reports
World Health Organization – Heat-Related Illness Guidelines
Indian Council of Medical Research – Public Health Advisory
National Disaster Management Authority (India) – Heatwave Action Plan
Lancet Planetary Health – Climate and Health Research

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