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Published on: Jul 10, 2021
1 minute read
By: Raj Dwivedi

The Hybrid Way - Telehealth !

Covid 19 has transformed our lives in so many ways. The reality is that most likely, the pandemic will not end suddenly, and we’ll be dealing with some version of it for years to come.

As we slowly adapt to our new normal, we’ll embrace some changes and reset our lives in many ways. We have noticed some of the shifts in our personal lives and the world around us.

Health care has gone through a complete digital revolution: As the pandemic intensified, more and more providers have switched from in-person visits to telehealth appointments over video chat. Globally in April 2020, telemedicine services increased by more than 35,00 percent, and nearly half of every consultation visit was delivered virtually. Of course, this was a welcome change. Virtual visits have prevented excess COVID-19 exposure and saved others—especially those in rural areas—from a long commute to the doctor’s office.

The increase in remote and telehealth was driven by general fear of infection. Lot of telehealth consultation took place in areas of substance abuse recovery and mental health as well.

What was meant to be a temporary solution worked surprisingly well, at least once they tackled tech barriers? Some clients relied on their own devices before the dedicated platforms and purpose-built suites were launched. For people without smartphones or data plans to support these services, virtual care was out of reach before the suites arrived.

Post-pandemic many clients will prefer to return to face-to-face services. Yet in most cases, virtual visits would make it easier for his clients to access health care. For instance, lack of transportation could stand in the way of someone making their appointment, but that concern goes away with virtual meetings.

Appointment cancellations will be reduced. More Hybrid models will replace the existing singular OPD model. OPD will have two elements and one will be remote and then followed by in person. What happens in an actual scenario that a typical non-life-threatening issue comes up at work or home which needs medical attention. The appointment with the doctor and time off at work combined defers the visit most of the time to next week. This delay has its own downside and risk. In some instances, the problem sorts out by home remedies. Telehealth solves this problem and takes care of issues that never need to be treated and looked at in-person saving everyone financially.

We have watched this play out during the early months of the pandemic. The pandemic has flipped the switch for patients who had grown accustomed to traditional doctors’ visits. But now that many people have tried out virtual care, some are reluctant to give it up. This will force providers to change the model and be ready to service the hybrid way.

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Impact of Air Pollution on Human Health: Risks, Effects and Prevention

Air pollution has become one of the most serious public health challenges worldwide. In India, rapid urbanisation, vehicle emissions, industrial activity and seasonal factors contribute to high pollution levels, especially in metropolitan cities. Understanding the impact of air pollution on human health is essential because exposure to polluted air significantly increases the risk of chronic illness and premature death.

According to the World Health Organization, air pollution is responsible for millions of premature deaths globally each year. Studies published in The Lancet highlight India as one of the countries most affected by air quality-related health burdens.

What Is Air Pollution?

Air pollution occurs when harmful substances such as:

particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10)
nitrogen dioxide
sulfur dioxide
ozone
carbon monoxide

accumulate in the atmosphere at unsafe levels.

Among these, PM2.5 particles are particularly dangerous because they are small enough to penetrate deep into the lungs and bloodstream.

Respiratory Health Effects

The most immediate and visible impact of air pollution is on the lungs.

Short-Term Effects

coughing
throat irritation
wheezing
shortness of breath

Long-Term Effects

chronic bronchitis
asthma worsening
reduced lung capacity
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Children and elderly individuals are especially vulnerable.

Impact on Heart Health

Air pollution does not only affect the lungs. Fine particles enter the bloodstream and trigger inflammation.

Long-term exposure increases risk of:

hypertension
heart attack
stroke
atherosclerosis

ICMR reports show cardiovascular diseases remain a leading cause of mortality in India, with pollution being a significant contributing factor.

Impact on Immune System

Constant exposure to polluted air weakens the immune response.

This leads to:

frequent respiratory infections
slower recovery from illness
increased susceptibility to viral diseases

Pollution also increases systemic inflammation.

Effect on Children’s Health

Children are particularly vulnerable because:

their lungs are still developing
they breathe more air relative to body weight
they spend time outdoors

Long-term exposure may reduce lung growth and increase asthma risk.

Impact on Pregnant Women and Infants

Research published in Lancet indicates that high pollution exposure during pregnancy increases risk of:

low birth weight
premature birth
developmental complications

Protecting pregnant women from pollution exposure is critical.

Air Pollution and Cancer Risk

Prolonged exposure to air pollution increases the risk of lung cancer.

WHO classifies outdoor air pollution as a carcinogen.

Mental Health and Cognitive Impact

Emerging research suggests pollution may contribute to:

cognitive decline
mood disorders
reduced concentration

Clean air supports brain health.

Seasonal Pollution in India

During winter months, many cities experience severe smog due to:

crop burning
temperature inversion
increased emissions

Monitoring Air Quality Index (AQI) helps individuals take precautions.

Signs of Pollution-Related Health Impact

persistent cough
chest tightness
eye irritation
unusual fatigue
worsening asthma

Individuals experiencing these symptoms should consult healthcare providers.

Preventive Measures to Reduce Exposure

Monitor AQI

Avoid outdoor activities during high pollution days.

Use Protective Masks

N95 masks filter fine particles effectively.

Indoor Air Quality

Use air purifiers and keep windows closed during peak pollution.

Avoid High-Traffic Areas

Limit time near busy roads.

Maintain Healthy Lifestyle

Strong immunity helps reduce pollution-related health risks.

Role of Preventive Healthcare

Regular screening for:

lung function
blood pressure
heart health

helps detect early damage caused by pollution.

Urban populations should prioritise routine health checkups.

Long-Term Public Health Impact

Air pollution contributes significantly to:

healthcare burden
productivity loss
economic strain

Preventive awareness and environmental policies are essential.

Conclusion

The impact of air pollution on human health is profound and far-reaching. From respiratory disorders and heart disease to immune suppression and increased cancer risk, polluted air affects nearly every organ system. In India’s urban environment, proactive measures such as monitoring AQI, using protective masks and maintaining regular health screenings are crucial. Protecting oneself from air pollution is not just about comfort—it is a vital step in preserving long-term health and preventing chronic disease.

References

World Health Organization (WHO) – Air Pollution and Health Reports
Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) – Environmental Health Studies
National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5) – Respiratory and Cardiovascular Data
NITI Aayog – Environmental and Preventive Health Strategy Reports
Lancet – Global Burden of Disease and Air Pollution Research

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