• Published on: May 21, 2025
  • 4 minute read
  • By: Secondmedic Expert

Liver Enzymes Test Explained – What SGPT/SGOT Mean

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The liver is one of the most important organs in your body. It performs hundreds of functions, including filtering toxins, producing bile, and supporting digestion and metabolism. When your liver is under stress or not functioning properly, certain enzymes in your blood can increase. Two of the most common enzymes tested are SGPT (ALT) and SGOT (AST). In this blog, we will break down what these enzymes mean, why your doctor might suggest this test, and what the results indicate.

What is a Liver Enzymes Test?

A liver enzymes test is a type of blood test used to evaluate the health of your liver. It measures specific proteins (called enzymes) that the liver releases into your blood. When liver cells are damaged, these enzymes leak into your bloodstream. The most commonly tested liver enzymes are:

  • SGPT (ALT) – Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase

  • SGOT (AST) – Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase
     

Why Do Doctors Recommend a Liver Enzymes Test?

Your doctor may ask for a liver enzymes test if you show symptoms of liver problems or are at risk due to lifestyle or existing health conditions. Some common reasons include:

  • Fatigue or weakness

  • Yellowing of skin or eyes (jaundice)

  • Abdominal pain or swelling

  • Dark urine or pale stools

  • Alcohol consumption

  • Hepatitis (A, B, or C)

  • Obesity or fatty liver

  • Long-term medication usage

  • Diabetes or high cholesterol
     

What is SGPT (ALT)?

SGPT, also known as ALT (Alanine Aminotransferase), is an enzyme mainly found in the liver. It plays a role in converting proteins into energy for liver cells. When liver cells are damaged or inflamed, SGPT leaks into the bloodstream.

Normal SGPT Levels:

  • For men: 7 to 56 units per liter of blood

  • For women: 7 to 45 units per liter
     

What Does High SGPT Mean?

High SGPT levels may indicate:

  • Liver inflammation (Hepatitis)

  • Fatty liver disease

  • Alcohol-related liver damage

  • Liver infection or injury

  • Side effects of medications

  • Obesity-related liver stress
     

Sometimes, even intense physical activity or certain supplements can temporarily raise SGPT levels.

What is SGOT (AST)?

SGOT, also known as AST (Aspartate Aminotransferase), is an enzyme found not just in the liver, but also in the heart, kidneys, muscles, and brain. So, while it can point to liver damage, it may also indicate problems in other organs.

Normal SGOT Levels:

  • For men: 8 to 48 units per liter of blood

  • For women: 8 to 43 units per liter
     

What Does High SGOT Mean?

High SGOT levels may be due to:

  • Liver damage or cirrhosis

  • Heart disease or recent heart attack

  • Muscle injuries

  • Pancreatitis

  • Alcohol abuse

  • Use of certain drugs or supplements
     

If both SGPT and SGOT are elevated, it’s more likely to be a liver-related issue.

SGPT vs SGOT – What's the Difference?

Feature

SGPT (ALT)

SGOT (AST)

Location

Mainly in the liver

Liver, heart, kidneys, muscles, brain

Specificity

More liver-specific

Less liver-specific

Indicates

Liver damage

Liver, heart, or muscle damage

Normal Range

7–56 U/L

8–48 U/L

Conclusion: If only SGPT is high, it's more likely to be liver-specific. If both are high, the doctor may run further tests.

Other Liver Tests Often Done Together

To get a full picture of liver health, doctors may also recommend:

  • ALP (Alkaline Phosphatase) – Linked to bile ducts

  • GGT (Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase) – Linked to alcohol use or bile problems

  • Bilirubin – Indicates liver’s ability to process waste

  • Albumin and Total Protein – Reflects liver's protein production

  • PT/INR – Measures blood clotting, another liver function
     

What to Do if SGPT/SGOT Are High?

If your test results show high liver enzymes, don’t panic. A one-time elevation doesn’t always mean serious disease. Here's what you should do:

1. Follow-Up Testing

Your doctor may repeat the test after a few weeks or recommend imaging (ultrasound/CT scan) to check for liver fat, fibrosis, or tumors.

2. Lifestyle Changes

  • Avoid alcohol completely

  • Maintain a healthy diet (low-fat, high-fiber)

  • Exercise regularly

  • Control blood sugar and cholesterol

  • Stay hydrated
     

3. Review Medications

Some over-the-counter drugs like paracetamol, or supplements like bodybuilding products, can raise liver enzymes.

4. Monitor Regularly

If you have a chronic condition like diabetes, high cholesterol, or obesity, make liver function tests part of your routine health checks.

When to See a Doctor Immediately

  • Yellow eyes or skin (jaundice)

  • Severe abdominal pain

  • Swelling in legs or abdomen

  • Confusion or mood changes

  • Dark-colored urine or light-colored stools
     

These signs may indicate serious liver issues and need immediate attention.

Final Thoughts

The liver is a silent warrior – it works 24/7 and rarely complains until it's seriously damaged. That’s why regular check-ups, especially liver enzyme tests, are essential for early detection and prevention.

Understanding your SGPT and SGOT levels can give you valuable insights into your liver’s health. Whether you’re dealing with symptoms, managing a chronic condition, or just doing a preventive health check, this simple blood test can help you stay one step ahead.

Call to Action

Worried about your liver health? Book a full liver function test online today and get your results from the comfort of your home. Know your SGPT and SGOT levels now – because your health can’t wait.

Liver Enzymes Test Explained – What SGPT/SGOT Mean – Book Now on SecondMedic.com!

Read FAQs


A. It helps diagnose liver diseases, monitor liver health, and assess the impact of medications, alcohol, or infections on the liver.

A. SGPT (ALT): 7–56 U/L SGOT (AST): 8–48 U/L Ranges may vary slightly based on labs.

A. Elevated levels may indicate liver inflammation, fatty liver, hepatitis, alcohol-related damage, or side effects from medications.

A. Fasting is not always required, but it's best to follow your doctor’s or lab’s instructions.

A. A Liver Function Test (LFT), which includes SGPT, SGOT, Bilirubin, ALP, GGT, Albumin, and Total Protein, is recommended.

Read Blog
child diarrhea

Monsoon Health Guide: Child Diarrhea Causes, Fungal Infections After Rain & Tips to Keep Kids Safe

The monsoon season brings much-needed relief from the summer heat. Children love to splash in puddles, play in the rain, and enjoy the cool breeze. But along with the fun, the rainy season also invites many health problems—especially for kids. Two of the most common issues during this time are diarrhea and fungal infections. Knowing what causes them and how to prevent them can help you keep your child safe and healthy.

In this blog, we’ll explore the causes of child diarrhea, how fungal infections spread after rain, and the best monsoon health tips for kids.

 

Why Kids Fall Sick During Monsoons

Children have developing immune systems, making them more vulnerable to infections during the rainy season. The damp, humid weather creates the perfect environment for bacteria, viruses, and fungi to grow.

Some key reasons children are more at risk:

  • Playing in dirty water

  • Eating outside food

  • Drinking contaminated water

  • Poor hand hygiene

  • Wearing wet or damp clothes for long periods
     

Let’s look at two of the biggest culprits: diarrhea and fungal infections.

 

Child Diarrhea: Causes and Risks

Diarrhea is one of the most common monsoon illnesses in children. It can range from mild to severe and may even lead to dehydration if not treated early.

Common Causes of Diarrhea in Children:

  1. Contaminated Water: Rainwater can mix with sewage and enter drinking water systems. This can lead to infections like cholera and typhoid.
     

  2. Street Food or Unhygienic Snacks: Monsoon is not the time for roadside treats. The chances of food being exposed to flies or dirty water are high.
     

  3. Unwashed Fruits and Vegetables: These may carry harmful bacteria or parasites.
     

  4. Poor Hand Hygiene: Kids often forget to wash their hands before eating or after using the bathroom.
     

  5. Rotavirus or Other Viral Infections: These can spread easily among children, especially in daycares or schools.
     

Symptoms to Watch For:

  • Frequent loose or watery stools

  • Stomach cramps

  • Nausea or vomiting

  • Loss of appetite

  • Fever

  • Signs of dehydration (dry mouth, no tears, reduced urination)
     

 

Fungal Infections After Rain: A Growing Problem

The warm and humid monsoon weather provides an ideal breeding ground for fungi. These infections usually affect the skin, scalp, feet, or groin area, especially in children who stay in wet clothes for too long.

Common Fungal Infections in Kids:

  1. Ringworm: A red, circular rash that may itch or burn.
     

  2. Athlete’s Foot: Red, itchy, cracked skin between the toes.
     

  3. Candidiasis: A fungal infection caused by yeast, usually in moist areas like the groin or underarms.
     

  4. Scalp Infections: Resulting in dandruff, itching, or even hair loss.
     

Risk Factors:

  • Walking barefoot in wet areas

  • Wearing unwashed or damp clothes

  • Sharing towels or combs

  • Not drying off properly after bathing
     

 

Monsoon Health Tips for Kids

Now that we know the dangers, let’s talk about prevention. These simple tips can go a long way in keeping your child healthy during the rainy season.

1. Ensure Clean Drinking Water

  • Always give your child boiled or filtered water.

  • Avoid giving untreated water, especially during travel or in school tiffins.
     

2. Watch Their Diet

  • Avoid raw or uncooked food.

  • Wash fruits and vegetables thoroughly.

  • Say no to roadside snacks or sweets.
     

3. Promote Good Hygiene

  • Teach kids to wash hands regularly—especially before eating and after using the toilet.

  • Keep their nails trimmed to prevent the spread of germs.
     

4. Keep Clothes Dry and Clean

  • Make sure your child changes out of wet clothes immediately.

  • Dry clothes in the sun when possible to prevent fungal growth.

  • Use antifungal powders on sensitive areas if your child sweats a lot.
     

5. Footwear and Personal Items

  • Avoid walking barefoot in muddy or wet areas.

  • Ensure they wear clean, dry socks and shoes.

  • Don’t let children share combs, towels, or undergarments.
     

6. Strengthen Immunity

  • Include foods rich in vitamin C and zinc (like oranges, guava, nuts, and seeds).

  • Keep your child active and ensure they get enough sleep.
     

7. Schedule Preventive Check-Ups

  • A general health check-up before and during monsoon can help detect early signs of infections.

  • Look for monsoon-specific health packages like the Monsoon Gastro Infection Panel, which checks for common monsoon diseases in children.
     

 

When to Seek Medical Help

Don’t delay visiting a doctor if:

  • Your child has had diarrhea for more than 2 days

  • They show signs of dehydration

  • There are red, itchy patches on the skin

  • Fever lasts more than 2 days

  • You see pus, swelling, or severe itching in the groin, underarms, or feet
     

Early treatment can prevent complications and help your child recover quickly.

 

Suggested Medical Test: Monsoon Gastro Infection Panel

SecondMedic.com, powered by Thyrocare, offers a Monsoon Gastro Infection Panel perfect for early diagnosis of:

  • Typhoid

  • Dengue

  • Hepatitis A & E

  • Leptospirosis

  • Fungal markers

  • And more…
     

It includes 29 vital tests and comes with home sample collection and digital reports. Early detection saves time, money, and stress—especially for worried parents.

 

Conclusion

The rainy season may bring joy to kids, but it also brings many health challenges. As parents, it's our responsibility to stay one step ahead of these risks. By understanding child diarrhea causes, fungal infections after rain, and following monsoon health tips for kids, we can ensure our little ones enjoy the rains safely and stay strong throughout the season.

For expert advice and early diagnosis, explore our test packages and stay ahead of seasonal illnesses.

Don’t wait! Protect your child today by learning more about child diarrhea causes, fungal infections after rain, monsoon health tips for kids.

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