Call
+918447748545

Published on: Oct 28, 2020
2 minute read
By: Dr Rajan ( Medical Second Opinion Cell)

Hepatitis C Nobel Prize

Earlier this month the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine was jointly awarded to Harvey J Alter, Michael Houghton and Charles M Rice for the discovery of the Hepatitis C virus. This helped push our understanding of blood-borne hepatitis, a major global health problem that is one of the leading causes of cirrhosis and liver cancer alongside Hepatitis B. It led the way in introducing new tests for chronic hepatitis as well as new treatments that have saved the lives of millions.

HEPATITIS

Hepatitis is the inflammation of your liver, the largest solid organ in your body. Though there are numerous other causes of hepatitis, including alcohol abuse, drugs and toxins (including paracetamol overdose), and autoimmune disorders (such as Wilson’s disease), viral infections are the most common worldwide causes for hepatitis. Hepatitis A was the first to be discovered, transmitted by polluted food and water, and results in a short-term transient hepatitis. Hepatitis B on the other hand is transmitted through blood and is more of an issue as it can lead to chronic cirrhosis and possible liver cancer. It can remain indolent in a person, causing disease long after the initial infection.

Blood borne hepatitis was first discovered in the 1960s, when it was found that some patients would become ill after receiving blood transfusions. Despite this discovery and new tests for Hepatitis B reducing the number of transfusion related hepatitis, a large number of cases remained.

NOT A, NOT B

Harvey Alter, working at the US National Institute of Health, was studying the occurrence of hepatitis in blood transfusion patients. His team showed that blood from these infected patients could transmit the disease to chimpanzees, resulting in hepatitis. This agent had the properties of a virus, one that was “non-A, non B” hepatitis.

Further investigation into the virus would require the input of Michael Houghton, working for Chiron pharmaceutical. His team created a collection of DNA fragments found in the blood of infected chimpanzees. Though the majority of these fragments were from the chimpanzee, enough were from the virus. They were able to utilise this information to identify antibodies against the suspected virus, and ultimately identify it as the flavivirus Hepatitis C.

The final piece of the puzzle was shown by Charles M Rice, a researcher at Washington University, St Louis – could the virus alone cause hepatitis. He studied the RNA of Hepatitis C to identify regions that may be used for replication, and areas that might hinder replication. This was key as the virus can lay dormant for years, replicating at a slow rate before causing damage to the liver. For researchers, this was an issue as it was not feasible to wait years and see if the suspected virus caused hepatitis. By genetically engineering the viral genome, he developed a variant of Hepatitis C that would only multiple rapidly and have no mechanism to inactivate itself for dormancy. This strain caused rapid changes to the livers of infected chimpanzees; the same changes seen in hepatitis patients.

. ;.,hrvxzThe impact was significant. Prior to this, receiving a blood transfusion was like Russian Roulette. You were receiving life saving therapy, but it coZuld also be a hidden death sentence. Now that hepatitis had been discovered, it became possible to screen patients prior to donation, to screen blood transfusion bags, and to start developing treatments for the virus.

The fight is not over yet. There are still over 70 million people who still live with the virus, and it still kills around 400,000 a year. Its only very recently that we have found treatments that can reduce the viral load in patients to levels that they are considered cured. This treatment remains expensive, and we are very far away from eradication itself.

Read Blog

Zincovit Tablets: Uses, Benefits, Dosage, and Side Effects Explained

Nutritional deficiencies are common in India due to irregular diets, stress, fast-paced lifestyles and increased health demands. Multivitamin supplements are often recommended to support overall health, immunity and energy levels. One commonly prescribed supplement is Zincovit tablets.

This comprehensive guide explains what Zincovit is, its uses, benefits, dosage recommendations and potential side effects.

What Are Zincovit Tablets?

Zincovit is a multivitamin and multimineral supplement that contains:

Zinc
Vitamin C
B-complex vitamins
Vitamin A
Vitamin D
Vitamin E
Selenium and other antioxidants

It is commonly prescribed to address nutritional deficiencies and support immune function.

Uses of Zincovit Tablets

Zincovit may be recommended for:

1. Nutritional Deficiencies

Helps replenish low vitamin and mineral levels due to poor diet or illness.

2. Weak Immunity

Zinc and vitamin C support immune system function.

3. Recovery After Illness

Often prescribed during recovery from infections, surgery or prolonged weakness.

4. Fatigue and Low Energy

B vitamins help improve energy metabolism.

5. Hair and Skin Health

Zinc and antioxidants may support healthy skin and hair.

Benefits of Zincovit Tablets

Immune Support

Zinc plays a vital role in immune cell function.

Antioxidant Protection

Vitamins C and E help reduce oxidative stress.

Improved Energy Levels

B-complex vitamins aid in converting food into energy.

Better Nutritional Balance

Supports individuals with dietary gaps.

Support During Stress

Stress can deplete nutrients; supplementation may help maintain balance.

Recommended Dosage

Adults: Usually one tablet daily after meals
Children: Only if prescribed by a pediatrician
Duration: As advised by healthcare professional

Do not exceed recommended dosage without medical guidance.

How to Take Zincovit

Take after food to prevent stomach irritation
Swallow whole with water
Avoid taking with high-calcium foods unless advised

Consistency improves effectiveness.

Possible Side Effects

Zincovit is generally well tolerated. However, some individuals may experience:

Nausea
Mild stomach discomfort
Metallic taste
Constipation or diarrhea (rare)

Severe allergic reactions are uncommon but require immediate medical attention.

Who Should Use Caution?

Consult a doctor before taking Zincovit if you have:

Kidney disorders
Liver disease
Thyroid problems
Known allergies to supplement components

Pregnant and breastfeeding women should seek medical advice before use.

Can Zincovit Be Taken Long-Term?

Short-term use for deficiency correction is common. Long-term use should be monitored by a healthcare provider to avoid excessive intake of certain vitamins or minerals.

Excess zinc intake may interfere with copper absorption if taken excessively over time.

Zincovit and Immunity in India

With increasing concern about immunity and viral infections, supplements containing zinc and antioxidants have gained popularity. However, supplements should complement — not replace — a balanced diet rich in:

Fruits
Vegetables
Whole grains
Protein sources

Healthy lifestyle habits remain essential.

When to Consult a Doctor

Seek medical advice if you experience:

Persistent fatigue
Recurrent infections
Unexplained weight loss
Severe weakness

These may indicate underlying medical conditions beyond nutritional deficiency.

Balanced Nutrition Still Matters

Supplements cannot substitute a healthy diet. Combine Zincovit with:

Proper hydration
Regular exercise
Adequate sleep
Stress management

This ensures overall wellness.

Conclusion

Zincovit tablets are widely used multivitamin supplements that support immunity, energy levels and overall nutritional balance. When taken in recommended doses, they are generally safe and beneficial for individuals with dietary deficiencies or increased nutritional needs.

However, supplements should be used responsibly and under medical guidance, especially for long-term use. Maintaining a healthy diet and lifestyle remains the foundation of good health.

If you are unsure whether Zincovit is right for you, consult a healthcare professional for personalized advice.

References

Indian Council of Medical Research – Nutrient Guidelines
World Health Organization – Micronutrient Recommendations
National Health Portal India – Supplement Safety
Journal of Clinical Nutrition – Zinc and Immunity Studies
National Institute of Nutrition India – Dietary Guidelines

Request A Callback

+91

By using this website/app, I confirm that I am at least 18 years old and consent to the processing of my personal data in accordance with the Terms of Service, Privacy Policy, and Declaration.