• Published on: May 04, 2022
  • 3 minute read
  • By: Second Medic Expert

Glaucoma Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment

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Glaucoma is a group of diseases that damage the eye's optic nerve. The optic nerve carries information from the eye to the brain. Glaucoma can cause vision loss and blindness. It is one of the leading causes of blindness in the world. There are no early warning signs of glaucoma. It may take years for vision loss to occur. The only way to prevent blindness from glaucoma is to get regular eye exams and treat it early.

Glaucoma is diagnosed with a comprehensive eye exam that includes a test for your visual field, which measures your side vision. Treatment for glaucoma depends on the type and severity of disease. Glaucoma is a condition that causes damage to the optic nerve. This damage results in a gradual loss of vision, typically leading to blindness. While the cause of glaucoma is not completely understood, it is known that the pressure within the eye (intraocular pressure) plays a role in its development.

High intraocular pressure damages the optic nerve by causing fluid to build up and pushing against the optic nerve fibers. The high pressure can also damage the tiny blood vessels at the back of the eye (retina), which can lead to vision loss. Glaucoma can be diagnosed through a comprehensive dilated eye exam, which includes an evaluation of your visual field and measurement of your intraocular pressure. Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases that damage the optic nerve. It can lead to blindness. The most common type is primary open-angle glaucoma. Angle closure glaucoma, in which the angle between the iris and cornea closes up, is another type. Most people with glaucoma have no early symptoms. If you do have symptoms, they may include blurred vision, halos around lights, eye pain or redness, headaches, and nausea. Often by the time these symptoms develop it is too late for treatment to save vision.

Glaucoma  can cause permanent vision loss and blindness. Glaucoma often has no early warning signs, so it's important to get regular eye exams. The main types of glaucoma are open-angle glaucoma and angle-closure glaucoma. Open-angle glaucoma is the most common type of glaucoma. It develops slowly over many years and usually has no symptoms in the early stages. Angle-closure glaucoma is a less common type of glaucoma that can cause a sudden increase in eye pressure.

Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases that can lead to vision loss and blindness. It is caused by damage to the optic nerve. The optic nerve is a bundle of nerve fibers that connects the eye to the brain. The most common type of glaucoma is open-angle glaucoma, which is not caused by an injury or an infection. Open-angle glaucoma develops slowly over time. The other main type of glaucoma is angle-closure glaucoma, which can develop quickly and cause a sudden increase in pressure inside the eye. This pressure can damage the optic nerve and lead to vision loss and blindness

Glaucoma is a group of diseases that damage the eye’s optic nerve. The optic nerve carries visual images from the eye to the brain. Most people with glaucoma don’t know they have it because there are usually no symptoms in the early stages. Vision loss can occur gradually and may not be noticed until significant damage has occurred. There are several types of glaucoma, but the most common type is open-angle glaucoma. Treatment for glaucoma depends on the type and severity of the disease. Options include eyedrops, laser therapy, or surgery.

Glaucoma is caused by damage to the optic nerve, which transmits images from the eye to the brain. Most people with glaucoma don't notice any early symptoms. That's why it's important for people at risk for glaucoma—such as those with a family history of the disease or African Americans over age 40—to get regular eye exams. The only way to prevent vision loss from glaucoma is to diagnose it early and start treatment immediately. Treatment may include prescription eye drops or surgery.

Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness in the world. It is a silent thief because often there are no symptoms until significant vision damage has occurred. Most people with glaucoma don't know they have it until they have lost some vision. Vision loss from glaucoma can be gradual or sudden, but it almost always occurs over time. Early in the disease, you may not notice any changes at all in your vision.

Glaucoma can cause vision loss and blindness. The damage is usually due to an increase in pressure in the eye, which is called intraocular pressure (IOP). Most people with glaucoma don't have any symptoms until significant damage has occurred. Symptoms may include a gradual loss of peripheral vision, difficulty seeing at night, a change in pupil size or color, and red eyes.

If you have any of these symptoms, see an ophthalmologist as soon as possible for diagnosis and treatment. Untreated glaucoma can lead to permanent vision loss within a few years.

Glaucoma is a condition in which the optic nerve is damaged, leading to vision loss. It's often caused by an increase in pressure within the eye, called intraocular pressure (IOP). Some common symptoms of glaucoma include: a feeling of pressure in the eyes, blurred vision, and seeing halos around lights. Glaucoma can be diagnosed with a comprehensive eye exam that includes measuring IOP and checking for signs of optic nerve damage. Treatment for glaucoma depends on the severity of the condition and may include medication to reduce IOP, laser treatment, or surgery. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential to preserving vision.

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Symptoms of Chronic Inflammation in the Body: Early Warning Signs Explained

Inflammation is a natural defense mechanism that helps the body fight infections and heal injuries. However, when inflammation persists for months or even years without a clear cause, it becomes chronic. Chronic inflammation can silently damage tissues and increase the risk of serious diseases.

In India, rising cases of lifestyle diseases such as diabetes, heart disease and autoimmune disorders are often linked to long-term inflammatory processes. Recognizing the symptoms of chronic inflammation in the body is essential for early prevention and treatment.

 

What Is Chronic Inflammation?

Acute inflammation is short-term and occurs in response to injury or infection. Chronic inflammation, on the other hand, is:

  • Persistent
     

  • Low-grade
     

  • Often symptomatically subtle
     

  • Linked to long-term health conditions
     

It may occur due to unhealthy lifestyle habits, stress, obesity or underlying disease.

 

Common Symptoms of Chronic Inflammation

1. Persistent Fatigue

Ongoing tiredness that does not improve with rest may indicate systemic inflammation.

Inflammatory chemicals in the body can interfere with energy production.

 

2. Joint and Muscle Pain

Unexplained pain, stiffness or swelling in joints may suggest inflammatory conditions such as arthritis.

Pain may:

  • Last for weeks
     

  • Worsen in the morning
     

  • Occur without injury
     

 

3. Digestive Issues

Chronic inflammation may affect the gut, leading to:

  • Bloating
     

  • Diarrhea or constipation
     

  • Abdominal discomfort
     

  • Food sensitivities
     

Gut health and immune function are closely connected.

 

4. Frequent Infections

A weakened immune response due to chronic inflammation may result in:

  • Recurrent colds
     

  • Slow wound healing
     

  • Persistent sore throat
     

 

5. Skin Problems

Inflammatory skin conditions include:

  • Acne
     

  • Eczema
     

  • Psoriasis
     

  • Rashes
     

Persistent skin issues may reflect internal inflammation.

 

6. Brain Fog and Mood Changes

Inflammation can affect brain function, causing:

  • Difficulty concentrating
     

  • Memory issues
     

  • Irritability
     

  • Low mood
     

Mental and physical health are interconnected.

 

7. Unexplained Weight Changes

Inflammation may disrupt metabolism, leading to:

  • Abdominal weight gain
     

  • Difficulty losing weight
     

Obesity itself can further promote inflammation.

 

Causes of Chronic Inflammation

Common contributing factors include:

  • Poor diet high in processed foods
     

  • Excess sugar intake
     

  • Smoking
     

  • Alcohol abuse
     

  • Chronic stress
     

  • Lack of exercise
     

  • Sleep deprivation
     

  • Environmental pollution
     

Addressing these factors is essential for prevention.

 

Diseases Linked to Chronic Inflammation

Long-term inflammation is associated with:

  • Type 2 diabetes
     

  • Cardiovascular disease
     

  • Cancer
     

  • Autoimmune disorders
     

  • Fatty liver disease
     

  • Alzheimer’s disease
     

Early intervention reduces risk significantly.

 

How to Reduce Chronic Inflammation Naturally

1. Adopt an Anti-Inflammatory Diet

Include:

  • Fresh fruits and vegetables
     

  • Whole grains
     

  • Nuts and seeds
     

  • Fatty fish
     

  • Olive oil
     

Avoid processed foods and excessive sugar.

 

2. Exercise Regularly

Moderate physical activity lowers inflammatory markers.

Aim for at least 30 minutes daily.

 

3. Manage Stress

Chronic stress increases inflammatory hormones.

Practice:

  • Meditation
     

  • Yoga
     

  • Deep breathing exercises
     

 

4. Improve Sleep

7–8 hours of quality sleep supports immune regulation.

 

5. Maintain Healthy Weight

Reducing excess body fat lowers inflammation levels.

6. Avoid Smoking and Limit Alcohol

Both habits promote inflammatory responses in the body.

 

When to Seek Medical Advice

Consult a healthcare professional if you experience:

  • Persistent fatigue
     

  • Joint swelling
     

  • Recurrent infections
     

  • Unexplained pain
     

  • Long-lasting digestive problems
     

Blood tests such as C-reactive protein (CRP) may help assess inflammation levels.

 

Chronic Inflammation in the Indian Context

Rapid urbanization, sedentary lifestyle and dietary shifts in India have contributed to increasing inflammatory-related diseases. Public awareness about preventive measures can significantly reduce healthcare burden.

Early lifestyle changes play a crucial role in improving long-term outcomes.

 

Conclusion

Chronic inflammation may present subtle symptoms such as fatigue, joint pain, digestive issues and brain fog. Although often overlooked, long-term inflammation can increase the risk of serious diseases.

Adopting healthy eating habits, regular exercise, stress management and adequate sleep can help reduce inflammation naturally. Recognizing early warning signs and seeking medical advice when needed ensures better long-term health.

Taking proactive steps today can prevent major complications tomorrow.

 

References

  • Indian Council of Medical Research – Chronic Disease Reports

  • World Health Organization – Non-Communicable Disease Guidelines

  • National Institute of Nutrition India – Dietary Recommendations

  • Lancet Global Health – Inflammation Research

  • Journal of Clinical Medicine – Chronic Inflammation Studies

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