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Published on: Apr 06, 2020
2 minute read
By: Dr Rajan Choudhary

MicroRNA That Makes Them Fight COVID Better ?

Recently you may have read a New Delhi based International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB) sequenced the genome (genetic data) of SARS-COV-2 (coronavirus) from India, Italy, US, Nepal and Wuhan, China. They found that the Indian variant of SARS-CoV2 has the potential to be targeted by antiviral RNA within host cells, a feature that is unique to the Indian strain.

This amazing finding has been published on blogs, newspapers and other media as proof that Indians may not suffer as much as the rest of the world when the COVID-19 pandemic hits the country. One headline touted “MicroRNA in Indians may reduce severity of corona attack”, stating “Indians have comparatively better immunity compared to other countries”. Of course this article is being forwarded on WhatsApp, and enough people may take it as gospel. Is it true?

No.

If you want to know why, just look on the Journal’s website:

“these are preliminary reports that have not been peer-reviewed. They should NOT be regarded as conclusive, guide clinical practice/health-related behaviour, or be reported in news media as established information.”

Research is not easy. I could write a very long explanation for why, but I have summarised it below.

SUMMARY:

- To prove x causes y up to a high scientific standard is incredibly difficult

- Even if you think x causes y, someone might find a flaw in your study

- Numbers can be manipulated by statistics to show what you want to believe

- Reporters might not understand the study and mis-report it

- We all want to believe there is a magic cure that will protect us, that makes us special, immune to this disaster so we can get on with our lives. Unfortunately there simply isn’t one. And believing in them without fact checking can cause more harm than good.

IMMUNITY AGAINST COVID

So what about this study? Firstly it is looking at one tiny mechanism in a cell, when a cell can have millions of proteins responsible for a billion different functions in just the cell itself. Secondly it is not peer reviewed. This means no one has fact checked the study to check whether the design is valid, whether the statistics hold up, whether they have missed something or are making incorrect conclusions based off their data. Peer-reviewing a recent paper showing SARS-CoV-2 and HIV were extremely similar disproved this paper as false.

In the authors defence he acknowledges this:

“In our study, which is a purely computational one, we predicted that this microRNA binds to the SARS-Cov2 genome submitted from India. However, it is too early to comment on it because there is only one high coverage sequence from India, so far,”

Thirdly, the news article says that Indians have better immunity because of this “microRNA”. This is wrong. The study sequenced the genome of the virus, not of the Indian population. Antiviral microRNA is found in all people. The study simply suggests that this might be more effective at targeting the Indian strain of COVID, but it does not make any concrete claims that Indians are protected from COVID.

Again, the journal even states this:

“These are preliminary reports that have not been peer-reviewed. They should not be regarded as conclusive, guide clinical practice/health-related behavior, or be reported in news media as established information.”

But most importantly, even if the paper suggests that the Indian strain may be less potent, it does not give us an excuse to be reckless. We have to adhere to social distancing, hygiene, lockdown principles in order to prevent infection. Because what happens if you take the article stating “Indians have comparatively better immunity compared to other countries” as fact, use this as an excuse to go about your regular daily lives, and it actually turns out that the microRNA has little to no effect on COVID. This endangers yourself and those around you.

Be sensible. Listen to public health officials.

Dr Rajan Choudhary, UK, Chief Product Officer, Second Medic Inc

www.secondmedic.com

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The Rise of Telemedicine: Revolutionizing Healthcare

In today’s fast-paced world, convenience is key. From online shopping to digital banking, everything is just a click away. The healthcare industry is no exception to this digital revolution, with telemedicine emerging as a game-changer. This new wave of healthcare delivery has not only made medical consultations more accessible but also provided timely care to patients, especially in remote areas. In this blog, we will explore the rise of telemedicine, its benefits, challenges, and the role it plays in shaping the future of healthcare.

What is Telemedicine?

Telemedicine refers to the use of digital technology, such as video calls, phone calls, or messaging apps, to provide healthcare services remotely. Through telemedicine platforms, patients can consult with doctors, discuss symptoms, receive medical advice, and even get prescriptions – all without stepping out of their homes. While the concept of remote healthcare isn’t entirely new, it has gained significant traction in recent years due to advancements in technology and the widespread use of smartphones and internet connectivity.

The Growth of Telemedicine

The COVID-19 pandemic served as a major catalyst for the widespread adoption of telemedicine. With lockdowns and social distancing measures in place, many people were unable or reluctant to visit hospitals or clinics. As a result, healthcare providers turned to telemedicine as a safe and effective way to continue offering care to their patients.

However, even before the pandemic, telemedicine was growing. Factors such as a shortage of healthcare professionals, long waiting times, and the rising cost of healthcare made remote consultations an attractive option. According to a report by McKinsey, telehealth usage in the U.S. increased by 38 times from pre-pandemic levels. Globally, the telemedicine market is expected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 25.8% from 2020 to 2027.

Benefits of Telemedicine

The rise of telemedicine has brought numerous benefits for both patients and healthcare providers:

1. Increased Access to Care

Telemedicine has made healthcare more accessible, especially for those living in rural or remote areas where access to healthcare facilities is limited. With just a smartphone and an internet connection, patients can connect with healthcare professionals from anywhere, breaking down geographical barriers.

2. Convenience and Time-Saving

For many people, visiting a doctor’s office involves time-consuming travel and long waits. Telemedicine eliminates the need for physical travel, allowing patients to schedule consultations at a time that suits them. This is particularly useful for those with busy schedules, elderly patients, or individuals with mobility issues.

3. Cost-Effective Healthcare

Telemedicine can be a more affordable option for both patients and healthcare providers. Remote consultations typically cost less than in-person visits, and patients save on transportation and other associated expenses. For healthcare providers, telemedicine can help reduce overhead costs by minimizing the need for physical office space and staffing.

4. Continuity of Care

Telemedicine helps patients stay connected with their healthcare providers even when face-to-face visits are not possible. This is particularly important for patients with chronic conditions who require regular monitoring and follow-ups. Remote consultations allow doctors to track their progress and adjust treatment plans without the need for frequent clinic visits.

5. Reduced Risk of Infections

During outbreaks of contagious diseases, such as COVID-19, visiting a hospital or clinic can increase the risk of infection. Telemedicine provides a safer alternative by allowing patients to receive care from the comfort of their homes, thus reducing the spread of diseases.

Challenges Facing Telemedicine

While telemedicine offers many benefits, it also comes with its fair share of challenges:

1. Technology Barriers

Not everyone has access to the internet or the necessary devices for telemedicine consultations. In rural or underserved communities, limited internet connectivity can hinder access to remote healthcare services. Additionally, older adults or those who are not tech-savvy may struggle to navigate telemedicine platforms.

2. Lack of Physical Examination

Telemedicine works well for consultations, but it cannot replace the need for physical examinations in certain cases. While doctors can provide advice based on a patient’s symptoms, there are limitations when it comes to diagnosing conditions that require hands-on assessments or lab tests.

3. Privacy and Security Concerns

Telemedicine relies on the transmission of personal health information over digital platforms. This raises concerns about data privacy and security. Patients need to be assured that their sensitive medical information is protected, and healthcare providers must comply with regulations like the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) to safeguard patient data.

4. Reimbursement and Insurance Issues

In some regions, the reimbursement policies for telemedicine services are not well established. Patients may face difficulties in getting their telemedicine consultations covered by insurance, which can deter them from opting for remote healthcare. On the other hand, healthcare providers may also face challenges in billing for telemedicine services.

The Future of Telemedicine

As technology continues to advance, the future of telemedicine looks promising. With the development of artificial intelligence (AI), wearable health devices, and remote monitoring tools, telemedicine will become more sophisticated and capable of providing personalized care to patients. AI-powered chatbots, for example, could assist doctors in diagnosing conditions by analyzing symptoms and medical history.

Additionally, wearable devices like fitness trackers or smartwatches can monitor a patient’s vital signs in real-time and share the data with their healthcare provider. This continuous flow of information allows for more accurate diagnoses and timely interventions, reducing the need for emergency hospital visits.

Telemedicine in Specialized Care

Telemedicine is also expanding its reach into specialized fields of medicine. For example, telepsychiatry allows mental health professionals to provide counseling and therapy to patients remotely, making mental health services more accessible. Similarly, teledermatology enables dermatologists to diagnose and treat skin conditions by reviewing images sent by patients.

Another emerging trend is the use of telemedicine for post-operative care. Patients recovering from surgery can have follow-up consultations with their doctors without the need for an in-person visit, reducing the burden on both the patient and the healthcare system.

Conclusion

The rise of telemedicine is revolutionizing the way healthcare is delivered. By providing increased access to care, improving convenience, and offering cost-effective solutions, telemedicine is making healthcare more patient-centered and accessible. While challenges such as technology barriers and privacy concerns remain, the continued growth and innovation in telemedicine point towards a future where healthcare is more personalized, efficient, and readily available to all.

As we move forward, telemedicine will continue to play a vital role in bridging the gap between patients and healthcare providers, ensuring that quality care is just a click away.