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Published on: Apr 04, 2020
3 minute read
By: Dr Rajan Choudhary

Declaring A Pandemic — What Does This Mean ?

Its finally happened. Three months after the first case was reported in Wuhan, China, and after a 13 fold increase in cases in just two weeks, the World Health Organisation has designated COVID-19 a pandemic. This disease has resulted in over 121,500 confirmed cases across 114 nations, and 4,300 deaths, over 3,000 of them in China alone.

The WHO has shown alarm at some countries that have shown “alarming levels of inaction” and hope the new designation of pandemic will shock these nations into action. “This is not just a public health crisis, it is a crisis that will touch every sector,” said Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, WHO director-general, at a media briefing. “So every sector and every individual must be involved in the fights.”

Despite this new update, it is not too late for nations to act, and countries can still impact the course of the outbreak by detecting, testing, treating and isolating patient, with further education to the public and contact tracing of cases.

WHAT IS A PANDEMIC

An epidemic is an increase in the spread of a disease within a community, and can be relatively common. Sometimes a single disease may spread rapidly in a small, unprepared community creating an epidemic. This is happening more often with the prevalence of the anti-vaxx movement, as immunity falters against preventable diseases like measles.

A pandemic on the other hand is the global outbreak of a serious new illness that is “sustainably transmitted throughout the world”. It is not a descriptor that is used lightly, as declaring a pandemic could “cause unreasonable fear, or unjustified acceptance that the fight is over,” if used incorrectly. There has been much discussion whether the declaration of N1N1 “swine flu” as a pandemic caused unnecessary panic, overwhelmed emergency services or caused excessive expenditure on antiviral medication.

Though they were concerned by the spread of the disease and came close by labelling it a “pandemic potential”, the WHO were reluctant to declare it one. Unfortunately, after 2 months of assessing the outbreak, members of the WHO were concerned “both by the alarming levels of spread and severity, and by the alarming levels of inaction.” There is no threshold, number of deaths, number of countries affected.

WHAT DOES THIS MEAN FOR THE COUNTRIES?

According to the World Bank, the annual global cost of a severe pandemic is around $570 billion, or 0.7% of the entire world’s income. This estimation is realised as more people stay at home and more authoritative measures are enforced by governments. At this time, Italy has not put in place nationwide quarantine with further closure of almost all shops and services bar food shops and chemists.

The UK is expected to move from the “containment” phase of the outbreak, aimed at halting the spread of the disease”, to “delay”. This instead accepts the disease cannot be contained, and instead looks to slow its progression. Measures such as “social distancing”, isolation of those showing minor viral symptoms and cancellation of social events. To prepare for the UK epidemic a £30bn package has been prepared to boost the economy during the COVID outbreak.

India has suspended all tourist visas and e-visas until April 15ht as a pandemic is declared. All incoming travellers including Indian nationals will be quarantined for a minimum of 14 days if they have visited China, Italy, Iran, Korea, France, Spain and Germany after 15ht February. Advice has also been given to avoid all non-essential travel abroad.

South Korea has ramped up testing, performing around 4,000 tests per million people between 3rd January and 11th March. In comparison to 1,000 per million in Italy, 400 per million in the UK and only 28 in the UK. This has been due to differences in government responses, the severity of outbreaks in each country and the nature of the healthcare system in each country.

The steady decrease in new coronavirus cases in South Korea has been attributed to this mass testing, improved public communications and the use of new technology to aid diagnosis and management. Interestingly it has been achieved without the drastic quarantine procedures in place in China and Italy.

WHAT SHOULD I DO

Washing your hands has been emphasised by almost all public health agencies and governments. And you should continue to follow this advice. Soap and water is one of the most effective ways to destroy the virus on your hands, and helps prevent its spread.

It is also important to avoid panic, and to not hoard soap, food and toilet roll. Do not trust forwards on WhatsApp or treatment advice suggested, as these can be ineffective or even dangerous. Recently 27 people died from alcohol poisoning after a myth was spread stating strong alcohol could cure coronavirus.

Similarly be wary of false cures being sold online or by un reputable stores. Currently there is no cure for COVID, and supportive treatment is required for those who fall extremely ill.

If you have symptoms of COVID-19, you should self-isolate and notify your local health authorities. Symptoms include fever, cough, sneezing, general lethargy and joint pain, symptoms similar to the flu.

If you have confirmed COVID and have been asked to quarantine yourself, PLEASE STAY INDOORS. There have been instances of infected people continuing to partake in everyday activities, resulting in the spread of the infection, sometimes to vulnerable children and the elderly.

Dr Rajan Choudhary, Product Head, Second Medic Inc, UK

www.secondmedic.com

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Joint Pain in Rainy Weather – What Doctors Say

When the skies turn grey and the rain begins to fall, many people start to feel an all-too-familiar ache in their joints. If you or someone you know often says, “I can feel the rain in my knees,” you’re not alone. Joint pain in rainy weather is a real concern for millions, especially those with arthritis or past injuries. But is this just an old myth or is there actual science behind it? Let’s break it down with what doctors and experts have to say.

Why Do Joints Hurt More in the Rain?

Many people report increased joint pain, stiffness, or discomfort during rainy or humid weather. There are a few reasons why this might happen:

1. Drop in Barometric Pressure

Doctors say that when it rains, the atmospheric or barometric pressure drops. This decrease may allow tissues in the body to expand slightly. For people with sensitive joints, this expansion can irritate nerves and lead to pain.

2. Cold Temperatures

Rain often brings cooler temperatures. Cold weather can cause muscles and joints to stiffen, reducing blood circulation and making movement more painful. People with arthritis may especially notice this.

3. Increased Humidity

Humidity can affect the way our body handles fluid. It may lead to inflammation or swelling around the joints, causing pain or discomfort in sensitive areas like knees, hips, and fingers.

4. Mood and Physical Activity

Rainy weather also tends to make people less active. Staying indoors and moving less can cause joint stiffness. Also, cloudy skies and gloomy days can affect your mood and lower your pain tolerance.

What Medical Experts Say

Dr. Anjali Mehta, Rheumatologist

“Patients often come to me complaining that their arthritis gets worse when it rains. While it may sound like an old wives’ tale, we do believe that weather changes—especially drops in pressure—can affect the joints.”

Dr. Rajeev Sharma, Orthopedic Surgeon

“People with old injuries or joint surgeries might have more nerve sensitivity. Weather changes can trigger inflammation or activate pain receptors in these areas.”

Dr. Sneha Kulkarni, Physiotherapist

“It’s important to keep joints mobile during rainy days. Movement improves circulation and prevents stiffness. Gentle exercises and stretching routines can help.”

Who Is Most Affected by Joint Pain in the Rain?

Joint pain in rainy weather doesn’t affect everyone, but certain groups are more likely to notice a difference:

People with Osteoarthritis or Rheumatoid Arthritis
Those with old joint injuries or fractures
Individuals with low Vitamin D or calcium levels
Elderly people whose joints are naturally more worn out
Women over 40, especially during menopause

Tips to Reduce Joint Pain During Rainy Days

The good news is that you can manage and reduce weather-related joint pain with simple steps. Here’s what doctors recommend:

Stay Warm

Use heating pads or wear thermal clothing.
Soak in a warm bath to relax your joints.

Keep Moving

Do light exercises like walking or yoga.
Stretch your joints regularly, even indoors.

Stay Hydrated

Drinking water helps maintain joint lubrication.
Avoid too much caffeine or salty foods, which may dehydrate you.

Eat a Joint-Friendly Diet

Include omega-3 rich foods like fish, flaxseeds, and walnuts.
Eat anti-inflammatory foods like turmeric, garlic, spinach, and berries.

Take Supplements if Needed

Consult your doctor about taking Vitamin D, calcium, or glucosamine supplements.

Maintain a Healthy Weight

Less weight = less pressure on your joints.

Home Remedies That May Help

Here are some simple remedies that people swear by during rainy days:

Massage with warm mustard oil or coconut oil
Use a hot water bottle on stiff joints
Apply a turmeric paste externally
Drink ginger tea—it’s a natural anti-inflammatory
Practice meditation to manage stress-related joint pain

When Should You See a Doctor?

While occasional discomfort is common, you should see a doctor if:

The pain is constant and not improving
You experience swelling, redness, or warmth around the joint
You can’t move the joint properly
You feel weakness or numbness

Doctors can run tests like X-rays, blood work, or MRIs to find the cause and provide treatment. Sometimes joint pain could be due to underlying issues like arthritis, gout, or autoimmune diseases that require medical attention.

Conclusion

If your joints start to ache the moment clouds appear, it’s not just your imagination. Weather changes—especially rainy days—can affect your body in surprising ways. From barometric pressure to low temperatures, several factors can contribute to joint pain in rainy weather. But the right mix of exercise, diet, and self-care can make a big difference.

So the next time you feel a dull ache in your knees as it starts to drizzle, listen to your body—but also follow what experts suggest to stay comfortable and pain-free.

Want to understand your symptoms better or need personalized advice? Talk to your doctor today and learn more about “Joint pain in rainy weather – What doctors say.”

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