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Published on: Jul 24, 2024
3 minute read
By: SecondMedic Expert

Why Dengue Fever Causes Low Platelet Counts And How To Manage It

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Dengue fever, a mosquito-borne viral infection, has become a significant public health concern in many tropical and subtropical regions. One of the hallmarks of severe dengue is a drop in platelet count, which can lead to serious complications. Understanding why dengue fever causes low platelet counts and how to manage this condition is crucial for anyone living in or traveling to affected areas.

Understanding Dengue Fever

Dengue fever is caused by the dengue virus, which is transmitted primarily by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. The virus has four distinct serotypes (DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, and DENV-4). Infection with one serotype usually provides lifelong immunity against that specific type, but only partial and temporary immunity against the others. Subsequent infections with a different serotype increase the risk of severe dengue, including dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS).

Why Dengue Fever Causes Low Platelet Counts

Platelets are small blood cells that play a crucial role in blood clotting. A normal platelet count ranges from 150,000 to 450,000 platelets per microliter of blood. Dengue fever often leads to a significant drop in platelet count, a condition known as thrombocytopenia. There are several reasons for this:

1. Bone Marrow Suppression: The dengue virus can infect and impair the bone marrow, which is responsible for producing blood cells, including platelets. This leads to reduced platelet production.

2. Increased Platelet Destruction: The virus and the immune response it triggers can increase the destruction of platelets. The body’s immune system mistakenly targets platelets, thinking they are infected cells.

3. Increased Utilization: In severe dengue, there is increased leakage of plasma from the blood vessels. To combat this, the body uses up more platelets for clotting, leading to lower counts in the bloodstream.

4. Splenic Sequestration: The spleen may sequester or hold onto more platelets than usual in dengue fever, reducing the number of platelets circulating in the blood.

Symptoms of Low Platelet Count

A low platelet count can lead to several symptoms, which may vary in severity:

- Easy bruising

- Petechiae (small red or purple spots on the skin)

- Bleeding gums or nosebleeds

- Blood in urine or stools

- Heavy menstrual bleeding

- Fatigue and weakness

In severe cases, internal bleeding and shock can occur, which are life-threatening conditions requiring immediate medical attention.

How to Manage Low Platelet Counts in Dengue Fever

Managing low platelet counts in dengue fever involves several strategies aimed at supporting the patient until their body recovers. Here are some key approaches:

1. Hydration

Maintaining adequate hydration is crucial. Fluids help maintain blood volume and support overall bodily functions. Oral rehydration solutions, coconut water, and plain water are often recommended. In severe cases, intravenous (IV) fluids may be necessary.

2. Monitoring Platelet Counts

Regular monitoring of platelet counts is essential to assess the severity of thrombocytopenia. This helps healthcare providers decide on the necessary interventions and monitor recovery.

3. Medications

There are no specific antiviral medications for dengue. However, supportive care includes:

Acetaminophen: To reduce fever and relieve pain. Avoid nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen and aspirin, as they can increase the risk of bleeding.

Platelet Transfusions: In cases of very low platelet counts or significant bleeding, platelet transfusions may be necessary.

4. Rest and Nutrition

Adequate rest and proper nutrition support the body's recovery. A balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and lean proteins can help maintain energy levels and support immune function.

5. Avoiding Certain Foods and Activities

Patients with low platelet counts should avoid activities that can increase the risk of bleeding, such as contact sports. Additionally, foods that may thin the blood, like garlic and ginger, should be consumed in moderation.

6. Natural Remedies

Some natural remedies are believed to help increase platelet counts, although scientific evidence is limited. These include:

Papaya Leaf Extract: Some studies suggest that papaya leaf extract can help increase platelet counts.

Pomegranate and Kiwi: These fruits are rich in vitamins and antioxidants that support overall health.

Preventing Dengue Fever

Preventing dengue fever is the best way to avoid complications like low platelet counts. Preventive measures include:

Mosquito Control: Eliminate standing water around your home, use mosquito repellents, and install screens on windows and doors.

Protective Clothing: Wear long-sleeved shirts, long pants, socks, and shoes when outdoors.

Vaccination: In some regions, a dengue vaccine is available and recommended for individuals who have had a previous dengue infection.

Conclusion

Dengue fever and its complications, such as low platelet counts, pose significant health challenges in many parts of the world. Understanding the reasons behind thrombocytopenia and implementing effective management strategies can help mitigate the risks and support recovery. By taking preventive measures and staying informed, individuals can reduce their risk of dengue fever and its potentially severe consequences.

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Read FAQs

A. Dengue fever causes low platelet counts due to bone marrow suppression, increased platelet destruction, increased utilization for clotting, and splenic sequestration. The dengue virus affects the body's ability to produce and maintain adequate platelet levels.

A. Managing low platelet counts involves staying hydrated, monitoring platelet levels, taking acetaminophen for fever and pain, resting, eating a nutritious diet, and avoiding activities and foods that increase bleeding risk. In severe cases, platelet transfusions may be necessary.

A. Signs of a low platelet count include easy bruising, petechiae (small red or purple spots on the skin), bleeding gums or nosebleeds, blood in urine or stools, heavy menstrual bleeding, fatigue, and weakness. In severe cases, internal bleeding and shock may occur.

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Does Skipping Meals Slow Your Metabolism?

Many people skip meals hoping to lose weight or save time. But what happens inside your body when you do that? One of the most common concerns is:
Does skipping meals slow your metabolism?
Let’s explore the facts, myths, and what science really says.

What Is Metabolism?

Metabolism is the process your body uses to convert the food and drinks you consume into energy. Even when you're sleeping, your body is burning calories for basic functions like breathing and circulating blood. This is called your basal metabolic rate (BMR).

The faster your metabolism, the more calories you burn—naturally.

What Happens When You Skip a Meal?

When you skip a meal, your body starts looking for alternate energy sources. First, it uses stored glucose. If that runs out, it may break down fat or even muscle.

You may feel:

Tired or sluggish
Lightheaded or irritable
Crave sugary or high-carb foods later

If this becomes a regular pattern, it can impact your overall health and metabolism.

Does Skipping Meals Actually Slow Down Metabolism?

Short answer: Yes, it can—especially if done frequently.

Here’s how:

Your body goes into conservation mode.
To protect itself, your body may burn fewer calories if it senses food is not coming regularly.
You may lose muscle.
Skipping meals, especially without enough protein, can lead to muscle loss. Muscle burns more calories than fat—even at rest.
Hormonal imbalance.
Skipping meals can increase cortisol (the stress hormone), which is linked to fat storage, especially around the belly.
Energy dips.
Less fuel = less energy = less movement = fewer calories burned.

So yes, skipping meals may slow down your metabolism over time, making it harder to lose or maintain weight.

Is Intermittent Fasting the Same?

Not exactly. Intermittent fasting (IF) is a planned eating pattern, like eating between 12 PM and 8 PM.

It gives your body time to digest and repair, and when done right, does not necessarily slow metabolism.

The problem is randomly skipping meals without planning or nutrition tracking. That’s when metabolism can suffer.

Skipping Meals and Overeating

Another big issue is compensation. People who skip meals often overeat later in the day.

You may:

Binge on snacks
Choose unhealthy options due to cravings
Eat faster and beyond fullness

This can lead to weight gain, blood sugar spikes, and digestive discomfort.

Impact on Brain and Mood

Food fuels your brain. Skipping meals can cause:

Low focus and memory issues
Irritability and mood swings
Poor decision-making (especially with food choices)

It can also affect sleep and increase fatigue.

Healthy Alternatives to Skipping Meals

If you’re trying to lose weight or manage calories, here are smarter strategies:

1. Try time-restricted eating

Eat within a 10–12 hour window daily. This gives the benefits of fasting without shocking your system.

2. Eat smaller portions, not fewer meals

Balance your plate with carbs, protein, and healthy fats. Even 200–300 calorie meals can keep metabolism stable.

3. Stay hydrated

Sometimes thirst feels like hunger. Drink enough water throughout the day.

4. Focus on protein and fiber

They keep you full longer and help preserve muscle.

When to Worry

If you skip meals often and notice:

Constant fatigue
Weight gain despite eating less
Cold hands and feet
Hair thinning or dry skin

…these may be signs your metabolism has slowed down. Consult a doctor and consider tests like:

Thyroid function test
Vitamin B12/D3 levels
Fasting blood sugar

You can book these via SecondMedic.com, with home sample collection powered by Thyrocare.

Conclusion

Skipping meals once in a while won’t ruin your metabolism. But making it a habit can lead to slower calorie burning, muscle loss, and overeating.

If your goal is better health, focus on balanced eating, meal planning, and mindful food habits.

So, the next time you ask, “Does skipping meals slow your metabolism?”, remember—yes, it can, especially without strategy or support. Eat smart, not less.

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