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Published on: Aug 07, 2021
1 minute read
By: Infectious Disease Specialist

What Are The Symptoms Of Typhoid?

What are the symptoms of typhoid?

Typhoid is a disease that has an incubation period that can be anywhere from 5 to 28 days. If untreated it will lead to death within a week. Symptoms of typhoid include fever and vomiting with diarrhea or constipation, but the other symptoms are bloodshot eyes, cough, joint pain, headache, loss of appetite, etc.

The symptoms of typhoid are very much like any type of gastroenteritis, so the patient must go for stool tests and get bronchoscopy done to figure out what's exactly going on with their body. It's important not to treat typhoid like ordinary fever because if left completely unchecked this infection could kill somebody in just a matter of few days.

Typhoid is a disease caused by bacteria called Salmonella typhi. Its symptoms include high fever, weakness, intestinal upset, abdominal pain, and Constipation. There are often no other signs or symptoms like rash or spots on the skin. It is not typically dangerous unless it spreads to the bloodstream and causes septicemia (infection of the bloodstream).

Typhoid is transmitted from person to person through contaminated food and water; touching objects with traces of infected feces; drinking after someone who has been sick with typhoid fever (including their pets); kissing a person who has been sick with typhoid fever; being licked by an infected cat or dog scratch can lead to infection.

Poor appetite, tummy pains, excessive thirst, and chills are common symptoms of typhoid fever. Some people will also have a high fever. Those who live in the Southeast Asia area, Africa or Central America are more at risk than those living in Western countries. You can get it by consuming contaminated food or water which has been polluted with slurry from infected humans or animals carrying the disease to others through food chain contamination - human-to-human infection is extremely rare - but this would include raw foods such as salads etc. which provide a haven for bacteria and wild animals.

Diabetes is a hereditary disease. However, it's also dependent on our food and lifestyle choices.

Uncontrolled diabetes can lead to many serious health problems including eye damage, kidney damage, high blood pressure, heart disease -- even amputation of limbs, or permanent neurological defects such as stroke and dementia.

Type 2 diabetes and prediabetes are primarily caused by several factors that you may be able to reduce or reverse - from weight gain and lack of exercise to certain medications and depression. That's why managing your risk for Type 2 requires more than just taking medication but includes making healthy lifestyle changes every day.

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Anemia Diet Plan: What to Eat to Improve Hemoglobin Levels Naturally

Anemia is one of the most widespread nutritional disorders in India, affecting people across age groups. According to NFHS-5 and ICMR data, more than half of Indian women and a significant proportion of men suffer from anemia. While supplements are sometimes required, a structured anemia diet plan plays a central role in preventing and managing the condition.

Anemia occurs when the body lacks sufficient healthy red blood cells or hemoglobin to carry oxygen efficiently. Nutrition is the foundation of hemoglobin production, making dietary correction essential.

Understanding the Nutritional Causes of Anemia

Anemia commonly results from deficiencies of:

iron
vitamin B12
folate

Each nutrient plays a specific role in red blood cell formation.

Iron: The Core Nutrient in Anemia

Iron is a key component of hemoglobin.

Iron deficiency leads to:

fatigue
weakness
pale skin
shortness of breath

ICMR identifies iron deficiency as the leading cause of anemia in India.

Types of Dietary Iron

Heme Iron

Found in animal foods and absorbed efficiently.

Sources include:

eggs
fish
chicken
liver

Non-Heme Iron

Found in plant-based foods and absorbed less efficiently.

Sources include:

spinach
lentils
chickpeas
jaggery
dates

Vitamin C improves non-heme iron absorption.

Role of Vitamin B12 in Anemia

Vitamin B12 is essential for red blood cell maturation.

Deficiency causes:

megaloblastic anemia
nerve symptoms
memory issues

Vegetarians are at higher risk due to limited dietary sources.

Role of Folate

Folate supports:

DNA synthesis
red blood cell formation

Low folate intake worsens anemia, especially during pregnancy.

Foods to Include in an Anemia Diet Plan

Iron-Rich Foods

green leafy vegetables (spinach, amaranth)
legumes and pulses
dates, raisins and figs
jaggery
red meat and eggs

Vitamin C-Rich Foods

citrus fruits
guava
tomatoes
bell peppers

These enhance iron absorption.

Vitamin B12 Sources

milk and dairy products
eggs
fish
fortified cereals

Folate-Rich Foods

green leafy vegetables
beans and peas
peanuts
whole grains

Sample Daily Anemia Diet Plan

Breakfast

vegetable omelette or sprouted moong
citrus fruit or guava

Mid-Morning

soaked raisins or dates
lemon water

Lunch

brown rice or roti
dal or chickpeas
green leafy vegetable sabzi
salad with lemon dressing

Evening Snack

roasted peanuts or chana
fruit rich in vitamin C

Dinner

vegetable curry with paneer or fish
whole wheat roti
lightly cooked greens

Bedtime

warm milk if tolerated

Foods That Reduce Iron Absorption

Certain foods interfere with iron absorption:

tea and coffee
excess calcium
highly processed foods

These should be avoided close to iron-rich meals.

Special Considerations for Women

Women require more iron due to:

menstruation
pregnancy
lactation

NFHS-5 highlights anemia as a major women’s health concern in India.

Anemia in Men and Older Adults

In men and elderly individuals, anemia may signal:

nutritional deficiency
chronic disease
gastrointestinal issues

Dietary correction should be combined with medical evaluation.

When Diet Alone Is Not Enough

Diet may not be sufficient if:

anemia is severe
absorption is impaired
chronic illness is present

In such cases, supplements or treatment of underlying causes is required.

Importance of Regular Blood Tests

Monitoring hemoglobin helps:

assess improvement
guide dietary adjustments
prevent recurrence

Preventive checkups are essential for high-risk groups.

Lifestyle Factors That Support Recovery

Along with diet:

adequate sleep
stress management
regular physical activity

support blood health and recovery.

Preventing Anemia Long-Term

Long-term prevention includes:

balanced meals
iron-rich cooking methods
avoiding excessive junk food
periodic screening

WHO and NITI Aayog emphasize nutrition education as a preventive strategy.

Conclusion

A well-structured anemia diet plan is the cornerstone of improving hemoglobin levels and restoring energy. By including iron-rich foods, supporting nutrients like vitamin B12 and folate, and improving absorption through smart food combinations, anemia can be effectively managed and prevented. Early dietary intervention, supported by regular health monitoring, helps avoid long-term complications and improves overall quality of life.

References

Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) – Anemia and Micronutrient Deficiency Reports
National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5) – Anemia Prevalence Data
World Health Organization (WHO) – Nutrition and Anemia Guidelines
Lancet – Micronutrient Deficiency and Public Health Research
NITI Aayog – Poshan Abhiyaan and Nutrition Policy Reports
Statista – Nutrition and Health Trends in India

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