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Published on: May 13, 2022
2 minute read
By: Second Medic Expert

Chronic Sinusitis

Chronic sinusitis can be caused by a number of things, such as allergies, a deviated septum, nasal polyps, and smoking. In some cases, it may also be caused by a fungal infection. Treatment will vary depending on the underlying cause. If it's caused by a bacterial infection, antibiotics may be prescribed. If it's caused by a fungal infection, antifungal medications may be prescribed. Surgery may also be necessary to correct a deviated septum or remove nasal polyps.

Chronic sinusitis is a serious medical condition that can cause a great deal of discomfort and can even lead to serious health problems. Symptoms of chronic sinusitis usually include congestion, drainage, pain, and pressure in the face. The cause of chronic sinusitis is not always clear, but it may be caused by a viral or bacterial infection, allergies, structural abnormalities in the nose, or other factors. Treatment for chronic sinusitis generally includes antibiotics if the cause is bacterial, nasal sprays and decongestants if allergies are the cause, and surgery if there is a structural problem with the nose.

Chronic sinusitis, also known as chronic rhinosinusitis, is a long-term inflammation of the lining of the sinuses.[1] It is defined as 12 weeks or more of symptoms that occur for more than four days per week and last for more than three months.[2] Symptoms may include a blocked nose, facial pain and pressure, sneezing, coughing, and difficulty breathing through the nose.

A person with chronic sinusitis may also have fatigue, poor appetite, and weight loss. The cause is not fully understood but is thought to be due to a combination of environmental and genetic factors. Risk factors include allergies, asthma, smoking, and exposure to certain chemicals.

Chronic sinusitis is a condition where the sinuses become inflamed and swollen, making it difficult to breathe. In most cases, the cause of chronic sinusitis is unknown, but it may be related to a viral infection, allergies, or changes in the immune system. There is no one-size-fits-all cure for chronic sinusitis, but some treatments that may help include nasal sprays or irrigation, antibiotics if you have a bacterial infection, antihistamines if you have allergies, and surgery for polyps or other structural problems. Some people also find relief from using a humidifier or steam inhalation.

There are many potential causes of chronic sinusitis, including allergies, infection, and autoimmune conditions. Treatment for chronic sinusitis usually involves medications to reduce inflammation and mucus production, as well as lifestyle changes such as avoiding allergens and smoking. Surgery may also be necessary in some cases.

It's defined as sinusitis that lasts for 12 weeks or longer. Symptoms include nasal congestion, facial pressure and pain, decreased sense of smell and taste, and post-nasal drip. There are many causes of chronic sinusitis, including allergies, anatomic abnormalities (like a deviated septum), smoking, and immune system disorders. Treatment depends on the cause but may include antibiotics, steroid nasal sprays, decongestants, and surgery.

Chronic sinusitis can be caused by a variety of factors, the most common of which is allergies. Other causes can include bacterial or viral infections, structural problems with the nose or sinuses, and autoimmune diseases. Treatment for chronic sinusitis depends on the underlying cause, and may include medications such as antibiotics, decongestants, and steroids; surgery; or other treatments such as nasal irrigation or allergy immunotherapy. Chronic sinusitis is an infection of the sinuses that doesn't go away. It's often caused by a cold or allergies, and it can last for months or even years.

Symptoms of chronic sinusitis include a stuffy nose, headache, pain in the face, and a sore throat. You may also have trouble breathing through your nose. The best way to treat chronic sinusitis is with antibiotics. If the antibiotics don't help, you may need surgery to remove the infected tissue.

Chronic sinusitis is an inflammation of the sinuses that lasts for more than 12 weeks. It can be caused by a number of different things, such as allergies, a cold or flu, a deviated septum, or nasal polyps. Symptoms include congestion, a runny nose, facial pain and pressure, headache, and bad breath. Treatment typically involves antibiotics if the cause is bacterial, antihistamines and decongestants if the cause is allergies, and surgery if the cause is a deviated septum or nasal polyps. In some cases, chronic sinusitis can also be treated with steroid injections into the sinuses or with saline irrigations.

There can be many causes of chronic sinusitis, including allergies, autoimmune diseases, structural problems within the nose, and infections. Treatment for chronic sinusitis depends on the underlying cause. If an infection is present, antibiotics may be prescribed. If allergies are the cause, antihistamines or allergy shots may be recommended. Surgery may be necessary to correct any structural problems within the nose.

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Diabetes Symptoms in Men: Early Warning Signs You Should Not Ignore

Diabetes is one of the fastest-growing health challenges worldwide, and men are particularly vulnerable to its long-term complications. In India, the burden of diabetes has increased sharply over the past two decades, driven by lifestyle changes, sedentary habits and dietary patterns. Despite this, many men remain unaware of early diabetes symptoms or delay medical consultation until complications develop.

Understanding diabetes symptoms in men is essential for early diagnosis, effective management and prevention of serious health consequences.

What Is Diabetes?

Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder characterised by high blood sugar levels due to:

insufficient insulin production
ineffective insulin action
or both

The most common form affecting men is type 2 diabetes, which is strongly linked to lifestyle factors.

Why Men Are at Higher Risk

Several factors increase diabetes risk in men:

higher abdominal fat accumulation
smoking and alcohol consumption
irregular eating patterns
work-related stress
lower healthcare-seeking behaviour

According to Indian Council of Medical Research data, a significant proportion of men remain undiagnosed until advanced stages.

Early Diabetes Symptoms in Men

Frequent Urination

Excess sugar in the blood causes kidneys to work harder, leading to increased urination, especially at night.

Excessive Thirst

Frequent urination leads to dehydration, causing constant thirst.

Fatigue and Weakness

Cells cannot utilise glucose efficiently, resulting in low energy levels and persistent tiredness.

Unexplained Weight Changes

Men may experience unexplained weight loss despite normal or increased appetite.

Increased Hunger

Insulin resistance prevents glucose from entering cells, triggering frequent hunger.

Diabetes Symptoms Unique or Commonly Seen in Men

Erectile Dysfunction

Diabetes damages blood vessels and nerves, leading to erectile dysfunction.

Studies show a strong association between diabetes and male sexual health problems.

Reduced Testosterone Levels

Men with diabetes often have lower testosterone, affecting libido, muscle mass and mood.

Decreased Muscle Strength

Poor glucose utilisation affects muscle health and physical stamina.

Skin and Infection-Related Symptoms

Slow-Healing Wounds

High blood sugar impairs wound healing, increasing infection risk.

Frequent Infections

Men with diabetes are more prone to:

skin infections
urinary tract infections
fungal infections

Vision and Nerve Symptoms

Blurred Vision

Fluctuating blood sugar affects eye lenses, causing blurred vision.

Tingling or Numbness

Nerve damage, known as diabetic neuropathy, causes tingling or numbness in hands and feet.

Why Diabetes Symptoms Are Often Ignored by Men

Many men dismiss symptoms as:

work-related fatigue
ageing
stress

This delay increases the risk of complications.

Long-Term Complications of Untreated Diabetes

If untreated, diabetes can lead to:

heart disease
kidney failure
nerve damage
vision loss
sexual dysfunction

According to WHO and Lancet studies, early detection significantly reduces complication risk.

Importance of Early Diagnosis

Early diagnosis allows:

better blood sugar control
lifestyle modification
prevention of organ damage

Routine screening is crucial, even in the absence of symptoms.

When Should Men Get Tested?

Men should consider testing if they:

are over 30 years old
have a family history of diabetes
are overweight
have a sedentary lifestyle
experience any warning signs

Annual screening is recommended for at-risk individuals.

Managing Diabetes After Diagnosis

Effective management includes:

healthy diet
regular physical activity
weight control
stress management
medical treatment as advised

Early management improves quality of life.

Role of Preventive Healthcare

Preventive healthcare focuses on:

early screening
lifestyle intervention
regular follow-up

According to NITI Aayog, preventive strategies are essential to control India’s diabetes burden.

Mental Health and Diabetes in Men

Diabetes can affect mental wellbeing, leading to:

stress
anxiety
depression

Addressing emotional health improves diabetes outcomes.

Breaking the Stigma Around Men’s Health

Men often avoid seeking help due to stigma.

Promoting awareness helps:

normalise health conversations
encourage timely medical care
reduce preventable complications

Conclusion

Diabetes symptoms in men often develop gradually and may go unnoticed for years. Frequent urination, fatigue, unexplained weight changes and sexual health issues should never be ignored. Early diagnosis and timely management significantly reduce the risk of serious complications and improve long-term health outcomes. Awareness, routine screening and proactive healthcare are essential steps for men to protect their health and wellbeing in an era of rising lifestyle diseases.

References

Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) – Diabetes Epidemiology and Risk Studies
World Health Organization (WHO) – Diabetes Prevention and Management Guidelines
National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5) – Diabetes Prevalence in Men
Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology – Male-Specific Diabetes Outcomes
NITI Aayog – Non-Communicable Disease Prevention Reports
Statista – Global Diabetes Trends and Gender Differences

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