What is the primary characteristic of manic episodes in bipolar disorder?

The primary characteristic of manic episodes in bipolar disorder is an intense and sustained period of unusually high or elevated mood. During a manic episode, individuals may experience increased energy, impulsivity, racing thoughts, and a reduced need for sleep. This heightened state can lead to risky behaviors and difficulty concentrating. Manic episodes are a defining feature of bipolar disorder and often alternate with periods of depression.