Q. What is a stroke?
Doctor Answer is medically reviewed by SecondMedic medical review team.
A stroke, also known as a cerebrovascular accident (CVA), is a medical condition that occurs when there is a sudden disruption in the blood supply to a part of the brain. This disruption can happen due to two main types of strokes:
Ischemic Stroke: This is the most common type of stroke and occurs when a blood clot or a plaque buildup narrows or blocks an artery that supplies blood to the brain. As a result, the affected part of the brain doesn't receive enough oxygen and nutrients, leading to brain cell damage.
Hemorrhagic Stroke: This type of stroke happens when a blood vessel in the brain ruptures or leaks, causing bleeding into the brain tissue. The excess blood can create pressure and damage brain cells in the surrounding area.
Strokes can have serious and potentially life-threatening consequences because the brain relies on a continuous supply of oxygen and nutrients to function properly. The symptoms of a stroke can vary but often include sudden numbness or weakness in the face, arm, or leg, especially on one side of the body; confusion; trouble speaking or understanding speech; difficulty walking; dizziness; severe headache; and more.
Immediate medical attention is crucial when someone experiences symptoms of a stroke because early intervention can help minimize brain damage and improve the chances of recovery. Treatments may include medications, procedures to remove blood clots or repair blood vessels, rehabilitation, and lifestyle changes to reduce the risk of future strokes. Stroke prevention strategies often focus on managing risk factors such as high blood pressure, diabetes, smoking, and a sedentary lifestyle.
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