Ask a doctor - What are the general symptoms of an allergy?

Q. What are the general symptoms of an allergy?

Doctor Answer is medically reviewed by SecondMedic medical review team.

Answered by Secondmedic Expert

Allergies are immune responses triggered by the body's sensitivity to specific substances, known as allergens. The symptoms of allergies can vary widely based on the type of allergen and the individual's immune response. Common general symptoms of allergies include:

1. Sneezing and Runny Nose: Allergic reactions often lead to increased production of mucus in the nasal passages, causing sneezing, a runny or stuffy nose, and congestion.

2. Itchy or Watery Eyes: Irritation of the eyes is a common symptom of allergies, leading to itching, redness, and excessive tearing.

3. Skin Reactions: Allergies can manifest as skin symptoms, including hives (raised, red, itchy welts) or eczema (dry, itchy, inflamed skin).

4. Coughing and Wheezing: For individuals with respiratory allergies, such as pollen or pet dander allergies, coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath may occur.

5. Swelling: Allergic reactions can cause swelling, particularly in areas like the face, lips, or tongue, which can lead to discomfort or difficulty breathing.

6. Gastrointestinal Symptoms: In some cases, allergies can trigger gastrointestinal symptoms like nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea, especially if the allergen is ingested.

7. Fatigue: Allergic reactions can sometimes cause fatigue due to the body's immune response and inflammation.

It's important to note that the severity of symptoms can range from mild to severe, and in some cases, allergies can trigger a life-threatening reaction known as anaphylaxis. Anaphylaxis is characterized by a sudden and severe onset of symptoms, including difficulty breathing, a rapid drop in blood pressure, and loss of consciousness. Anaphylaxis requires immediate medical attention.

If you suspect that you or someone else is experiencing an allergic reaction, it's advisable to seek medical help, especially if the symptoms are severe or rapidly worsening. Allergies can be diagnosed and managed by allergists through various methods, including skin tests, blood tests, and medical history assessments. Effective management often involves allergen avoidance, medications (such as antihistamines or corticosteroids), and in some cases, allergen immunotherapy.