Q. What's the medical term for TB when it spreads from the lungs to other parts of the body?
Doctor Answer is medically reviewed by SecondMedic medical review team.
The medical term for TB when it spreads from the lungs to other parts of the body is called disseminated tuberculosis, or extra-pulmonary tuberculosis. This occurs when the bacteria that cause TB, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, travel in blood vessels or lymphatic channels to other organs and tissues including the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord), bones and joints, genitourinary system (urinary tract and reproductive organs) or other sites such as the pleura (lung lining).
Disseminated TB can be further classified into acute forms which manifest with symptoms within weeks of initial infection of M.tuberculosis; subacute forms which manifest after a few months; and chronic forms which present with milder symptoms usually over years. It is essential that people seek prompt medical attention if they experience any unusual signs or symptoms as discharge rates are much lower for those patients who receive delayed treatment compared to those who seek early diagnosis.
Treatment for disseminated TB includes an intensive course of antibiotics lasting at least six months, sometimes up to one year depending on circumstances surrounding presentation. In addition to antibiotics, it is important that patients adhere strictly to prescribed treatments in order prevent any strain resistance development by preventing incomplete treatment regimens from leading bacterial mutations allowing them greater freedom against current antibiotics available. As part of management strategies for disease prevention control programs promote direct observation therapy which seeks actively observing patient’s adherence during their clinical care where health workers directly observe a patient taking their medication under supervision rather than unsupervised home administration resulting in better outcome outcomes overall.
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