Ask a doctor - What is the treatment for ascites?

Q. What is the treatment for ascites?

Doctor Answer is medically reviewed by SecondMedic medical review team.

Answered by Secondmedic Expert

The treatment for ascites involves addressing the underlying cause and managing the symptoms. Here are common approaches to the treatment of ascites:

1. Treating the Underlying Cause:
- If ascites is a symptom of an underlying condition, such as liver cirrhosis, heart failure, or cancer, the primary focus is on treating that condition. This may involve medications, lifestyle changes, or surgical interventions.

2. Dietary Changes:
- A low-sodium diet is often recommended to help reduce fluid retention. Sodium can contribute to water retention, so limiting salt intake is important in managing ascites.

3. Diuretics:
- Diuretic medications may be prescribed to increase urine production and reduce fluid buildup. Common diuretics include spironolactone and furosemide. However, their use requires careful monitoring of electrolyte levels.

4. Paracentesis:
- For therapeutic purposes or to relieve symptoms quickly, a healthcare provider may perform paracentesis. This involves draining excess fluid from the abdominal cavity using a needle.

5. Albumin Infusions:
- In some cases, especially when large volumes of ascitic fluid are removed during paracentesis, albumin infusions may be given to maintain proper fluid balance.

6. Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (TIPS):
- TIPS is a procedure that involves creating a shunt to redirect blood flow in the liver. This can help alleviate pressure in the portal vein and reduce ascites in certain cases of liver cirrhosis.

7. Liver Transplant:
- In advanced cases of liver disease, where ascites is a prominent symptom, a liver transplant may be considered as a definitive treatment option.

8. Managing Complications:
- Ascites can lead to complications such as spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) or kidney problems. These complications may require specific treatments, such as antibiotics for infections or renal supportive measures.

9. Monitoring and Follow-Up:
- Regular monitoring and follow-up with healthcare providers are essential to adjust treatment as needed and address any changes in symptoms or the underlying condition.

It's crucial for individuals with ascites to work closely with their healthcare team to determine the most appropriate treatment plan based on the underlying cause and individual health factors. Early intervention and consistent management are key to improving outcomes and quality of life.