Q. What is acne caused by?
Doctor Answer is medically reviewed by SecondMedic medical review team.
Acne is primarily caused by a combination of factors including:
1. Excess oil production: The sebaceous glands in the skin produce an oily substance called sebum. When these glands produce too much oil, it can clog pores and contribute to acne development.
2. Clogged pores: Dead skin cells can accumulate in the pores, mixing with excess oil and leading to blockages. This creates an ideal environment for acne-causing bacteria to thrive.
3. Bacteria: Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) is a type of bacteria that commonly resides on the skin. When trapped in a clogged pore, it can multiply rapidly, causing inflammation and acne lesions.
4. Hormonal fluctuations: Changes in hormone levels, particularly during puberty, menstruation, pregnancy, or when using certain medications, can increase oil production and make the skin more prone to acne.
5. Genetics: A family history of acne can increase an individual's likelihood of developing it. Genetics can influence factors such as oil production, pore size, and inflammatory response, all of which contribute to acne.
6. Dietary factors: While the link between diet and acne is still being studied, certain foods, particularly those high in refined carbohydrates and dairy products, may exacerbate acne in some individuals.
7. Stress: Stress can trigger hormonal changes in the body, leading to increased oil production and inflammation, which can worsen acne.
Addressing these factors through proper skincare, lifestyle changes, and, in some cases, medical treatment can help manage and reduce acne symptoms.