Ask a doctor - What are the common causes of pedal edema?

Q. What are the common causes of pedal edema?

Doctor Answer is medically reviewed by SecondMedic medical review team.

Answered by Secondmedic Expert

Pedal edema can have various causes, and it is often a symptom of an underlying medical condition. Here are some common causes of pedal edema:

1. Heart Failure: The heart may not pump blood effectively, leading to fluid retention and swelling in the lower extremities.

2. Kidney Disease: Impaired kidney function can result in the accumulation of excess fluid in the body, causing pedal edema.

3. Liver Disease: Liver conditions such as cirrhosis can lead to fluid buildup and swelling in the feet and ankles.

4. Venous Insufficiency: Weakened or damaged veins can struggle to return blood to the heart, leading to fluid pooling in the legs.

5. Lymphedema: Dysfunction in the lymphatic system can cause fluid retention and swelling, particularly in the legs.

6. Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): Blood clots in the deep veins of the legs can cause swelling and pain.

7. Pregnancy: Hormonal changes and increased pressure on blood vessels during pregnancy can result in pedal edema.

8. Medication Side Effects: Some medications, such as calcium channel blockers, corticosteroids, and certain antidepressants, may contribute to swelling in the feet and ankles.

9. Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD): Reduced blood flow to the legs due to arterial narrowing can lead to edema.

10. Infections: Infections in the feet or legs, such as cellulitis, can cause inflammation and swelling.

11. Malnutrition: Protein deficiency can contribute to fluid imbalance and edema.

12. Hypothyroidism: An underactive thyroid can lead to fluid retention and swelling.

13. Lupus and Other Autoimmune Disorders: Some autoimmune conditions can cause inflammation and fluid buildup.

14. Trauma or Injury: Injuries to the feet or ankles can result in localized swelling.

15. Sitting or Standing for Prolonged Periods: Immobility or prolonged periods of sitting or standing can contribute to fluid pooling in the lower extremities.

It's important to note that pedal edema should be evaluated by a healthcare professional to determine the underlying cause and appropriate treatment. The specific cause may vary based on individual health factors and medical history.