Q. Is depersonalization and derealization a type of psychosis?

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Answered by Secondmedic Expert

Yes, depersonalization and derealization can be classed as a type of psychosis.

Depersonalization is defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) as 'the persistent or recurrent experience of feeling detached from one's mental processes or body, often with a sense of being an outside observer'. This can involve feelings such as emotional numbness, mechanical behavior without conscious control, and feeling as if oneself or the world are unreal.

Derealization is characterized by the perception that the environment is not real; this may include seeing surroundings in dull colors or blurry vision. Experiences differ for each individual but typically involve a detachment from reality; some people report feeling engulfed in their own thoughts rather than engaging with their environment.

Both conditions are dissociative disorders which impair connection to reality due to traumatic experiences—most commonly involving PTSD—and may also occur simultaneously with depression and/or anxiety. Treatment generally includes psychotherapy such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), medication management, mindfulness practice, stress reduction techniques and yoga/meditation to help reduce symptoms related to anxiety, suicidal ideation or aggressive behaviors which can be associated with these disorders.