Q. What are the best skincare practices for people with eczema?

The best skincare practices for people with eczema are designed to maintain the skin's natural barrier, keep it hydrated, and reduce the risk of flare-ups. Here are some essential skincare practices for individuals with eczema:

1. Gentle Cleansing: Use mild, fragrance-free cleansers for bathing and washing your face. Avoid hot water, as it can be drying to the skin. Lukewarm water is a better choice. Limit baths and showers to around 10-15 minutes.

2. Pat Dry, Don't Rub: After bathing, gently pat your skin with a soft towel to remove excess moisture. Avoid vigorous rubbing, which can irritate the skin.

3. Moisturize Frequently: Apply a thick, fragrance-free moisturizer (emollient) to your skin at least twice a day, or more often if needed. Moisturize immediately after bathing to lock in moisture.

4. Avoid Harsh Soaps and Detergents: Choose cleansers, soaps, and laundry detergents that are free of fragrances and harsh chemicals. Look for products labeled as "hypoallergenic" or "for sensitive skin."

5. Use a Humidifier: During dry or winter months, use a humidifier in your home to maintain adequate indoor humidity. This can help prevent skin dryness.

6. Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of water to maintain skin hydration from within.

7. Wear Soft Fabrics: Choose loose-fitting, breathable, and natural fabrics like cotton. Avoid wool and synthetic materials, as they can irritate the skin.

8. Trim Your Nails: Keep your nails short to minimize the damage from scratching, which can lead to flare-ups.

9. Stress Management: Manage stress through relaxation techniques like meditation, yoga, or deep breathing exercises, as stress can exacerbate eczema symptoms.

10. Keep a Skincare Diary: Note the products you use, activities, and environmental factors that may trigger or worsen your eczema. This can help you identify and avoid specific triggers.

11. Limit Exfoliation: Avoid harsh scrubs and exfoliants, as they can irritate the skin. Instead, gently cleanse and moisturize.

12. Prescribed Medications: If your healthcare provider has prescribed medications, use them as directed. This may include topical corticosteroids or other treatments.

13. Protect Your Skin: When outdoors in sunny or cold weather, use sunscreen or wear protective clothing, such as long sleeves and a wide-brimmed hat, to shield your skin from the elements.

14. Consult a Dermatologist: Regularly see a dermatologist or healthcare provider who specializes in skin care for ongoing evaluation and adjustments to your treatment plan.

Remember that eczema management is highly individual, and what works best for one person may not work for another. It's essential to work closely with a healthcare provider to develop a personalized skincare routine and treatment plan that suits your specific needs. Consistency in your skincare practices is key to effectively managing eczema and preventing flare-ups.