Ask a doctor - Is heart failure the same as a heart attack?

Q. Is heart failure the same as a heart attack?

Doctor Answer is medically reviewed by SecondMedic medical review team.

Answered by Secondmedic Expert

No, heart failure is not the same as a heart attack. While they both involve the heart, they are distinct medical conditions with different causes, symptoms, and implications for your health.

Heart Attack (Myocardial Infarction):

A heart attack, also known as a myocardial infarction, occurs when there is a sudden blockage in one or more of the coronary arteries. These arteries supply oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. When a blockage occurs, part of the heart muscle doesn't receive enough oxygen and begins to die. This can result in severe chest pain or discomfort.

Key Points about Heart Attack:

- Often caused by a blood clot or plaque buildup in the arteries.
- Immediate medical attention is crucial to minimize heart muscle damage.
- Symptoms may include chest pain, shortness of breath, nausea, and pain radiating to the arm or jaw.
- Diagnosis is typically confirmed through ECG, blood tests, or coronary angiography.
- Treatment may involve medications, angioplasty, or stent placement to reopen blocked arteries.

Heart Failure:

On the other hand, heart failure is a chronic condition where the heart's ability to pump blood efficiently is impaired. It doesn't necessarily involve a sudden blockage. Instead, it can develop over time due to various factors, including hypertension, heart valve disease, or previous heart attacks.

Key Points about Heart Failure:

- Develops gradually and is often a long-term condition.
- Heart's pumping function becomes weakened, leading to inadequate blood circulation.
- Symptoms include fatigue, swelling (edema), shortness of breath, and fluid retention.
- Diagnosis is determined through medical history, physical exams, imaging (like echocardiograms), and blood tests.
- Management may include lifestyle changes, medications, and, in severe cases, heart transplant.