Q. Why is it that chronic renal failure does not recover like acute renal failure?

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Answered by Secondmedic Expert

Chronic renal failure (CRF) is a chronic and progressive disorder characterized by the gradual deterioration of kidney function over time. CRF typically results from prolonged changes in the structure or functioning of the kidneys caused by another illness, such as diabetes or high blood pressure. The disease progresses slowly, characterized by long periods of stability punctuated with episodes of acute decline.

In contrast to CRF, acute renal failure (ARF) occurs suddenly and can be reversed if treated appropriately and promptly. ARF often develops as a complication due to an infection or surgery, or as a result of toxic compounds present in medications or recreational drugs. With appropriate treatment including dialysis for severe cases, most cases of ARF can be effectively cured with minimal damage to kidney tissue.

The difference between CRF and ARF lies in their underlying cause and progression: while ARF emerges abruptly due to an external stimulus and may be reversible if treated quickly enough, the presence of an underlying condition makes it difficult for CRF to recover completely even after receiving therapy. In addition, because CKD has been advancing over a period of time without intervention, much more irreversible damage has occurred at this stage than when treating an episode of ARF. As a result, once affected by CKD patients will have less chance to survive despite early detection since there are fewer possibilities for curative treatments like dialysis compared with those available for dealing with episodes on acute kidney injury that arise during short-term events like infections.