Q. What diagnostic tests are used to determine the cause of irregular periods?

Doctor Answer is medically reviewed by SecondMedic medical review team.

Answered by Secondmedic Expert

Determining the cause of irregular periods often involves a thorough assessment, including medical history, physical examination, and sometimes diagnostic tests. Here are some diagnostic tests commonly used to investigate the underlying causes of irregular periods:

1. Blood Tests:
- Hormone Levels: Testing levels of hormones like estrogen, progesterone, thyroid hormones (TSH, T3, T4), and prolactin can provide insights into hormonal imbalances.
- Blood Count: Checking for anemia and other blood-related conditions.

2. Pelvic Ultrasound:
- An ultrasound of the pelvic region can help visualize the reproductive organs, identifying conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), fibroids, or ovarian cysts.

3. Thyroid Function Tests:
- Assessing thyroid function is crucial, as thyroid disorders can impact menstrual regularity.

4. Pap Smear:
- A Pap smear may be performed to screen for cervical abnormalities or infections.

5. Endometrial Biopsy:
- If there are concerns about the uterine lining, an endometrial biopsy may be recommended to collect a small tissue sample for examination.

6. MRI or CT Scan:
- In some cases, imaging studies like magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) scans may be used to obtain detailed images of the reproductive organs.

7. Hysteroscopy:
- This involves inserting a thin, flexible tube with a camera (hysteroscope) through the cervix to examine the inside of the uterus.

8. Ovulation Tracking:
- Monitoring ovulation through methods like basal body temperature charting or ovulation predictor kits can provide information about ovulatory function.

9. Genetic Testing:
- In cases where a genetic condition is suspected, genetic testing may be recommended.

10. Dilation and Curettage (D&C):
- If there are concerns about abnormal uterine bleeding or if other tests are inconclusive, a D&C may be performed to obtain a tissue sample from the uterine lining.

The specific tests recommended will depend on individual factors such as medical history, symptoms, and physical examination findings. It's essential to consult with a healthcare professional who can determine the most appropriate diagnostic approach based on your unique situation. Early and accurate diagnosis facilitates targeted treatment and management of the underlying causes of irregular periods.