Q. What causes a cough?
Doctor Answer is medically reviewed by SecondMedic medical review team.
A cough is primarily caused by the body's natural reflex to clear the airways of irritants and foreign particles. Some common causes of cough include:
1. Respiratory Infections: Viral infections like the common cold, flu, bronchitis, and pneumonia can irritate the airways and lead to coughing.
2. Allergies: Allergic reactions to pollen, dust, pet dander, or other allergens can trigger coughing.
3. Irritants: Inhaling irritants such as smoke, pollution, strong odors, or chemical fumes can stimulate a cough reflex.
4. Postnasal Drip: Excess mucus dripping down the back of the throat, often associated with allergies or sinusitis, can lead to a cough.
5. Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD): Stomach acid flowing back into the esophagus can cause irritation and coughing, especially when lying down.
6. Asthma: People with asthma may experience coughing as a symptom of their condition, often worsened by triggers like allergens or exercise.
7. Medications: Some medications, particularly ACE inhibitors used for hypertension, can cause a persistent dry cough as a side effect.
8. Environmental Factors: Cold, dry air or sudden temperature changes can trigger coughing, especially in individuals with sensitive airways.
9. Chronic Conditions: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), chronic bronchitis, and interstitial lung diseases can cause chronic coughing.
10. Psychological Factors: Stress, anxiety, or habit can lead to a persistent cough in some cases.
It's important to note that the cause of a cough can vary, and a healthcare professional should be consulted for a proper diagnosis and treatment if the cough is severe, persistent, or accompanied by other concerning symptoms.
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