Answered by SecondMedic Expert
Oncologist · Cancer / Oncology / Cancer Surgery
Absolutely, adjuvant therapy with an antibiotic can prevent the enrichment of antibiotic-resistant clones of a colonizing opportunistic pathogen. This is because antibiotics work in such a way that they target the susceptible strain first and then move on to targeting the resistant strains, ultimately allowing for the elimination of both. When this is done, there's nothing left around to allow these bacteria populations to increase and become enriched. In addition, since antibiotics are usually used in combination with other treatments (such as surgical removal), this further prevents any remaining bacteria from becoming enriched due to lack of competition from other bacterial species.
Overall, by using adjuvant therapy (in which an antibiotic is combined with other treatments) we are able to kill off both antibiotic-susceptible and -resistant strains of opportunistic pathogens at once; thus preventing any enrichment within those populations.