• Published on: Jun 16, 2022
  • 3 minute read
  • By: Second Medic Expert

Targeted Therapy To Treat Cancer

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Targeted therapies are cancer treatments that use drugs or other substances to specifically attack cancer cells. They work differently from chemotherapy, which is the main treatment for cancer and kills cancer cells as well as normal cells. Targeted therapies are often more effective than chemotherapy because they are better at killing cancer cells without harming normal cells. They may also be more likely to stop cancer from coming back (recurring). However, targeted therapies can be more expensive than chemotherapy and may not be available in all countries.

Targeted therapy is a type of cancer treatment that uses drugs or other substances to identify and attack cancer cells specifically. Because targeted therapy attacks only cancer cells, it causes fewer side effects than traditional chemotherapy treatments. There are several different types of targeted therapy, but they all work by interfering with the signals that help cancer cells grow and divide. This stops the tumor from growing and may cause it to shrink. Some targeted therapies also work by making the tumor more sensitive to radiation or chemotherapy treatment.

Targeted therapy may work better than other treatments because it is more specific to the cancer cells. It also causes less damage to healthy cells. This makes it a good choice for people who have cancer that has spread (metastasized) to other parts of the body.

Although targeted therapy has been available for cancer treatment for many years now, it is still not as widely used as chemotherapy. The main reason for this is that targeted therapy is more expensive than chemotherapy and most insurance companies do not cover the cost of these treatments. Another reason that targeted therapy is not more widely used is that it can be difficult to find a qualified doctor who can administer these treatments. Many oncologists are not familiar with the use of targeted therapies and so patients have to go to a specialist center in order to receive treatment.

Targeted therapies are treatments that attack cancer cells specifically while leaving normal cells alone. This is in contrast to traditional chemotherapy drugs, which can harm both cancer cells and healthy cells. There are a number of different types of targeted therapies, but all of them work by interfering with the signals that tell cancer cells to grow and divide. This stops the cancer cell from growing and spreading, and can eventually lead to its death.

Targeted therapies are becoming an increasingly important part of cancer treatment, and many patients are now able to benefit from them. However, they are not right for everyone, and your doctor will be able to advise you on whether they would be a suitable option for you. Targeted therapy is one of the newer methods for treating cancer. It involves using drugs or chemicals that target specific parts of cancer cells. This approach is different from traditional chemotherapy, which attacks all dividing cells, both cancerous and healthy.

One advantage of targeted therapy is that it often causes fewer Side Effects than traditional chemotherapy. This is because it targets only cancer cells and doesn't affect healthy cells as much. However, not all cancers are equally good targets for this type of treatment. For example, cancers that have a lot of mutations (changes in DNA) are more likely to respond to targeted therapy drugs than cancers with fewer mutations. Targeted therapy is a type of cancer treatment that uses drugs or other substances to identify and attack cancer cells without harming normal cells. Because targeted therapies specifically target cancer cells, they often have fewer side effects than chemotherapy or radiation therapy.

There are a number of different types of targeted therapies, but most work by interfering with the signals that tell cancer cells to grow and divide. This stops the cancer cells from multiplying and can shrink tumors. Targeted therapy is a type of cancer treatment that uses drugs or other substances to identify and attack specific cancer cells without harming normal cells.

Targeted therapy may be used as the main treatment for some types of cancer or it may be used with other treatments, such as radiation therapy or surgery. The way it works depends on the type of targeted therapy. Some target the proteins on the surface of cancer cells. Others work inside the cell to block signals that tell cancer cells to grow and divide.Targeted therapy is a type of cancer treatment that uses drugs or other molecule to precisely target cancer cells. This approach is different from traditional chemotherapy, which kills both cancer cells and healthy cells.

Targeted therapy has been shown to be more effective than traditional chemotherapy in some cases, and it often causes fewer side effects. However, not all tumors are suitable for targeted therapy, and the treatment can be expensive. Targeted therapy is a type of cancer treatment that uses drugs or other substances to attack cancer cells specifically.

Targeted therapies may work differently depending on the type of cancer they are used to treat. Some targeted therapies work by blocking the signals that tumors use to grow and spread. Others help block the ability of tumors to get blood vessels to grow (angiogenesis). Still, others attach directly to tumor cells and kill them. Targeted therapy is becoming an important part of cancer treatment because it often works better than traditional chemotherapy drugs and can have fewer side effects. Different types of targeted therapies are being developed all the time, so patients with cancer may have access to several different types in the future.

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Sleep disorders

Sleep Disorder Treatment: Effective Ways to Restore Healthy Sleep

Sleep is a fundamental biological process essential for physical restoration, mental clarity and emotional balance. Despite its importance, sleep disorders are increasingly common across all age groups. Millions of people struggle with poor sleep quality, difficulty falling asleep or frequent nighttime awakenings, often without seeking help.

Effective sleep disorder treatment plays a critical role in restoring healthy sleep patterns and preventing long-term health complications.

 

Understanding Sleep Disorders

Sleep disorders are conditions that disrupt normal sleep patterns, affecting the ability to fall asleep, stay asleep or achieve restorative sleep. They can be short-term or chronic and may occur due to lifestyle factors, medical conditions or psychological stress.

According to global and Indian health data, sleep disorders are underdiagnosed despite their strong association with chronic diseases.

 

Common Types of Sleep Disorders

Insomnia

Insomnia is the most common sleep disorder.

It involves:

  • difficulty falling asleep
     

  • frequent awakenings
     

  • early morning waking
     

  • non-restorative sleep
     

Chronic insomnia significantly affects daily functioning.

 

Sleep Apnea

Sleep apnea is a serious condition where breathing repeatedly stops during sleep.

Symptoms include:

  • loud snoring
     

  • daytime sleepiness
     

  • morning headaches
     

Untreated sleep apnea increases cardiovascular risk.

 

Restless Leg Syndrome

This condition causes uncomfortable leg sensations and an urge to move the legs, especially at night.

It disrupts sleep continuity and quality.

 

Circadian Rhythm Disorders

These occur when the body’s internal clock is misaligned with daily schedules, common in shift workers and frequent travellers.

 

Why Sleep Disorders Should Not Be Ignored

Chronic sleep problems increase the risk of:

  • heart disease
     

  • hypertension
     

  • diabetes
     

  • obesity
     

  • depression and anxiety
     

  • reduced immunity
     

Poor sleep affects both physical and mental health.

 

Causes of Sleep Disorders

Sleep disorders often result from multiple factors, including:

  • chronic stress
     

  • irregular sleep schedules
     

  • excessive screen exposure
     

  • caffeine or alcohol use
     

  • medical conditions
     

  • mental health disorders
     

Identifying root causes is essential for effective treatment.

 

Diagnosis of Sleep Disorders

Diagnosis involves:

  • detailed sleep history
     

  • lifestyle assessment
     

  • medical evaluation
     

  • sleep studies in selected cases
     

Accurate diagnosis guides appropriate treatment.

 

Sleep Disorder Treatment Approaches

Behavioural and Cognitive Therapy

Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) is a highly effective non-drug treatment.

It focuses on:

  • correcting sleep-related thoughts
     

  • improving sleep routines
     

  • reducing anxiety around sleep
     

CBT-I is recommended as first-line treatment for chronic insomnia.

 

Lifestyle and Sleep Hygiene Measures

Good sleep hygiene includes:

  • maintaining regular sleep timings
     

  • limiting screen exposure before bedtime
     

  • creating a comfortable sleep environment
     

  • avoiding heavy meals late at night
     

These measures support natural sleep regulation.

 

Medical Management

Medications may be used:

  • short-term for severe symptoms
     

  • under medical supervision
     

Medication is often combined with behavioural therapy rather than used alone.

 

Treatment for Sleep Apnea

Management may include:

  • weight management
     

  • positional therapy
     

  • continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) devices
     

  • treating underlying conditions
     

Early treatment reduces cardiovascular risk.

 

Role of Mental Health in Sleep Disorders

Sleep and mental health are closely connected.

Conditions such as anxiety and depression:

  • disrupt sleep architecture
     

  • worsen insomnia
     

  • require integrated treatment
     

Addressing mental health improves sleep outcomes.

 

Importance of Consistency in Treatment

Sleep disorder treatment requires:

  • patience
     

  • consistency
     

  • follow-up
     

Improvement may take weeks, but sustained effort yields lasting results.

 

Preventing Sleep Disorders

Preventive strategies include:

  • stress management
     

  • physical activity
     

  • balanced nutrition
     

  • limiting stimulants
     

  • maintaining work-life balance
     

Prevention is more effective than treatment alone.

 

Impact of Technology on Sleep

Excessive screen use affects melatonin production and delays sleep onset.

Reducing nighttime screen exposure significantly improves sleep quality.

 

When to Seek Professional Help

Consult a healthcare provider if:

  • sleep problems persist beyond two weeks
     

  • daytime functioning is affected
     

  • snoring and breathing pauses are noticed
     

  • sleepiness interferes with safety
     

Early treatment prevents complications.

 

Long-Term Benefits of Treating Sleep Disorders

Effective sleep disorder treatment leads to:

  • improved energy and concentration
     

  • better mood and emotional stability
     

  • reduced chronic disease risk
     

  • enhanced quality of life
     

Healthy sleep supports overall wellbeing.

 

Conclusion

Sleep disorder treatment is essential for restoring physical health, mental clarity and emotional balance. While sleep problems are common, they are not normal or harmless. Insomnia, sleep apnea and other sleep disorders can be effectively managed through behavioural therapy, lifestyle changes and medical care when needed. Early recognition and consistent treatment not only improve sleep quality but also protect long-term health. Prioritising sleep is a powerful step toward a healthier and more productive life.

 

References

  • Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) – Sleep Health and Lifestyle Studies
  • World Health Organization (WHO) – Sleep and Mental Health Guidelines
  • National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS) – Sleep Disorders Research
  • Lancet Psychiatry – Sleep Disorders and Chronic Disease Risk
  • NITI Aayog – Mental Health and Preventive Healthcare Reports
  • Statista – Global Sleep Disorder Prevalence and Trends

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