What causes vitiligo?

Vitiligo is a condition that causes the loss of skin color in blotches. It occurs when melanocytes, the cells responsible for skin pigmentation, die or are unable to function properly. The exact cause of vitiligo is still unknown but experts believe it could be an autoimmune disorder in which the body attacks and destroys its own cells. Other potential causes include genetic factors, stress, exposure to certain chemicals or toxins, a virus or fungus, sunburns and even emotional distress. Treatment options can range from topical corticosteroids and phototherapy to surgical grafting of healthy pigment-producing cells onto affected areas.